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edReportReplyRetractionShortNoteStudyProtocolSystematicReviewTechnicalNoteTutorialViewpoint  AdvancedSearch SectionSpecialIssueVolumeIssueNumberPe LogicalOperatorOperatorANDORSearchTextSearchTypeAllfieldsTitleAbstractKeywordsAuthorsAffiliationsDoiFullTextReferences add_circle_outlineremove_circle_outline  SustainabilityFormation,Characteristics,andInfluencingFactorsofthePlastisphereBiomedicinesTheInfluenceofCross-ReactiveTCellsinCOVID-19SensorsHardSyDR:ABenchmarkingEnvironmentforGNSSAlgorithmsMicromachinesAReviewonMachiningSiCp/AlCompositeMaterialsRecentArticles 14pes,1767KiB OpenAccessArticleRheologicalBehiorofTRIP600SteelduringDeformationbyYanjunYin,HengyanZhaiandXinfengKanMetals2024,14(6),633;doi.org/10.3390/met(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractDuetothephenomenonofdeformation-inducedphasetransformation,themechanicalpropertiesofTRIPsteel,includingtheelasticmodulus,undergochangesduringthedeformationprocess.Thisdeviationfromplastictheoryindescribingthedeformationprocessisaddressedinthisstudy.Throughtensileandcupping[...]Readmore.Duetothephenomenonofdeformation-inducedphasetransformation,themechanicalpropertiesofTRIPsteel,includingtheelasticmodulus,undergochangesduringthedeformationprocess.Thisdeviationfromplastictheoryindescribingthedeformationprocessisaddressedinthisstudy.Throughtensileandcuppingtestsconductedatdifferentrates,therelationshipbetweeninelasticdeformationandformingtimeinTRIPsteelisestablished.Thesetestsdemonstratethepresenceofviscosityandtherheologicalbehiorofsolidmetalmaterialsduringinelasticdeformation.TheexperimentalfindingsalsohighlightthesignificanceofselectinganappropriatedeformationrateforsuccessfulTRIPsteelforming.Excessivedeformationratescanresultintherapidtransformationofresidualausteniteintomartensiteandincreasethelikelihoodofmaterialcracking.Buildinguponrheologicaltheory,aconstitutiveequationisdevelopedtodescribetherelationshipbetweenstress,strain,andstrainrateforTRIP600undercreeptestconditions.Thisconstitutivemodelisthenappliedtosimulatethecuppingtest,andbycomparingthesimulationresultswithactualtestdata,itisconfirmedthattherheologicalconstitutivemodelprovidesamoreaccuraterepresentationofTRIPsteeldeformation.Furthermore,itcanguidetheimprovementoftheformingprocesstoenhancethesuccessrateofformingoperations.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueProgressinLaserAdvancedManufacturing)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,65KiB)11pes,426KiB OpenAccessArticlePredictingRiskofPost-OperativeMorbidityandMortalityfollowingGynaecologicalOncologySurgery(PROMEGO):AGlobalGynaecologicalOncologySurgicalOutcomesCollaborativeLedStudybyFaizaGaba,SaraMahvashMohammadi,MikhailI.KrivonosovandOlegBlyussCancers2024,16(11),2021;doi.org/10.3390/cancers(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractThemedicalcomplexityofsurgicalpatientsisincreasing,andsurgicalriskcalculatorsarecrucialinprovidinghigh-value,patient-centeredsurgicalcare.However,pre-existingmodelsarenotvalidatedtoaccuratelypredictriskformajorgynecologicaloncologysurgeries,andmanyarenotgeneralizabletolow-and[...]Readmore.Themedicalcomplexityofsurgicalpatientsisincreasing,andsurgicalriskcalculatorsarecrucialinprovidinghigh-value,patient-centeredsurgicalcare.However,pre-existingmodelsarenotvalidatedtoaccuratelypredictriskformajorgynecologicaloncologysurgeries,andmanyarenotgeneralizabletolow-andmiddle-incomecountrysettings(LMICs).TheinternationalGOSOARdatabasedatasetwasusedtodevelopanovelpredictivesurgicalriskcalculatorforpost-operativemorbidityandmortalityfollowinggynecologicalsurgery.Fifteencandidatefeaturesreadilyailablepre-operativelyacrossbothhigh-incomecountries(HICs)andLMICswereselected.Predictivemodelinganalysesusingmachinelearningmethodsandlinearregressionwereperformed.Thearea-under-the-receiver-operatingcharacteristiccurve(AUROC)wascalculatedtoassessoveralldiscriminatoryperformance.Neuralnetworks(AUROC0.94)significantlyoutperformedothermodels(p<0.001)forevaluatingtheaccuracyofpredictionacrossthreegroups,i.e.,minormorbidity(Clien–DindoI-II),majormorbidity(Clien–DindoIII-V),andnomorbidity.Logistic-regressionmodelingoutperformedtheclinicallyestablishedSORTmodelinpredictingmortality(AUROC0.66versus0.61,p<0.001).TheGOSOARsurgicalriskpredictionmodelisthefirstthatisvalidatedforuseinpatientsundergoinggynecologicalsurgery.Accuratesurgicalriskpredictionsarevitalwithinthecontextofmajorcytoreductionsurgery,wheresurgeryanditsassociatedcomplicationscandiminishquality-of-lifeandaffectlong-termcancersurvival.Amodelthatrequiresreadilyailablepre-operativedata,irrespectiveofresourcesetting,iscrucialtoreducingglobalsurgicaldisparities.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionCancerSurvivorshipandQualityofLife)14pes,367KiB OpenAccessArticlePharmacovigilancePracticesbyHealthcareProvidersinOncology:ACross-SectionalStudybyHadeelAlkofide,HayaM.Almal,MashaelAlromaih,LamaAlotaibi,NjoudAltuwaijri,NohaAlAloola,JawzaF.Alsabhan,GhadaA.Bawazeer,LobnaAlJuffali,RihafAlfaraj,NoraAlkhudair,RaniahAljadeed,RanaAljadeedandLamyaS.AlnaimPharmaceuticals2024,17(6),683;doi.org/10.3390/ph(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractInvestigatingpharmacovigilance(PV)practicesamongoncologyhealthcareproviders(HCPs)iscrucialforpatientsafetyinoncologysettings.Thisstudyaimedtoassesstheawareness,attitudes,andpracticestowardsPVandidentifybarrierstoeffectiveadversedrugreaction(ADR)reportingforHCPsworkingin[...]Readmore.Investigatingpharmacovigilance(PV)practicesamongoncologyhealthcareproviders(HCPs)iscrucialforpatientsafetyinoncologysettings.Thisstudyaimedtoassesstheawareness,attitudes,andpracticestowardsPVandidentifybarrierstoeffectiveadversedrugreaction(ADR)reportingforHCPsworkinginoncology-relatedsettings.Employingacross-sectionalsurveydesign,wecollecteddatafrom65HCPs,focusingontheirexperienceswithADRreporting,educationonADRmanement,andfamiliaritywithPVprotocols.Theresultsshowedthatabouthalfoftheresponderswerepharmacists.Around58.9%oftherespondentsreportedADRsinternally,and76.9%hadreceivedsomeformofADR-relatededucation.However,only38.5%wereawareofformalADRreviewprocedures.MethotrexateandpaclitaxelemergedasthedrugsmostfrequentlyassociatedwithADRs.ThecomplexityofcancertreatmentswasamongthecommonreasonsforthelowreportingofADRsbythestudyparticipants.ThefindingshighlighttheneedforenhancedPVeducationandstandardizedreportingmechanismstoimproveoncologycare.WeconcludethatreinforcingPVtrainingandstreamliningADR-reportingprocessesarecriticaltooptimizingpatientoutcomesandsafetyinoncology,advocatingfortargetededucationalinterventionsandthedevelopmentofunifiedPVguidelines.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssuePharmacovigilanceinDrugTherapy:Drug–DrugInteractionsandSafetyEvaluation)26pes,3620KiB OpenAccessArticleUseofDifferentAnti-PD-1CheckpointCombinationStrategiesforFirst-LineAdvancedNSCLCTreatment—TheExperienceofIonChiricu539;259;OncologyInstitutebyAlexandra-CristinaPreda,Tudor-EliadeCiuleanu,NicolaeTodor,CătălinVlad,DanaIoanaIancu,CristinaMocan,MarianaBandi-Vasilica,FlorinaAlbu,IrinaMihaelaTodor-Bondei,MădălinaClaudiaHapca,Milan-PaulKubelacandAdelinaDadianaKubelac-VarroCancers2024,16(11),2022;doi.org/10.3390/cancers(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractPURPOSE.Differentcombinationmodalitiesbetweenananti-PD-1/PD-L1entandaplatinum-basedchemotherapyoranothercheckpointinhibitor(withorwithoutashortcourseorfullcourseofaplatinumdoublet)provedsuperiortochemotherapyaloneinmultipleclinicaltrials,butthesestrategieswerenot[...]Readmore.PURPOSE.Differentcombinationmodalitiesbetweenananti-PD-1/PD-L1entandaplatinum-basedchemotherapyoranothercheckpointinhibitor(withorwithoutashortcourseorfullcourseofaplatinumdoublet)provedsuperiortochemotherapyaloneinmultipleclinicaltrials,butthesestrategieswerenotdirectlycompared.Theaimofthisstudyistoreportthereal-worlddataresultswithdifferentimmunotherapycombinationsinaseriesofpatientstreatedinconsecutivecohortsattheIonChiricu539;259;OncologyInstitute.METHODS.Atotalof122patientsweresuccessivelyenrolledinthreecohorts:(1A)nivolumab+ipilimumab(18patients),(1B)nivolumab+ipilimumab+short-coursechemotherapy(33patients),and(2)pembrolizumabplusfull-coursechemotherapy(71patients).Endpointsincludedoverallsurvival(OS),progression-freesurvival(PFS),objectiveresponse(ORR),andunivariateandmultivariateexploratoryanalysisofprognosticfactors.RESULTS.Medianfollow-upintheconsecutivecohorts1A,1B,and2was83versus59versus14.2months.MedianOSandPFSforallpatientswere22.2and11.5months,respectively,and2-yearactuarialOSandPFSwere49%and35%,respectively.Forthenivolumab+ipilimumab(cohorts1Aand1B)versuspembrolizumabcombinations(cohort2),medianOSwas14vs.24.8months(p=0.18)and2-yearactuarialsurvival42%vs.53%;medianPFSwas8.6vs.12.7months(p=0.41)and2-yearactuarialPFS34%vs.35%;responserateswere33.3%vs.47.9%(p=0.22).Oldere,impairedPS(2versus0–1),corticotherapyinthefirstmonthofimmunotherapy,and>3.81neutrophilstolymphocytesratiowereindependentunforableprognosticfactorsinthemultivariateanalysisofsurvival(limitedto2yearsfollow-up).The5-yearlong-termsurvivalwas30.5%and18.8%forcohorts1Aand1B,respectively(notenoughfollow-upforcohort2).CONCLUSIONS.Efficacyresultsusingdifferentimmunotherapycombinationstrategieswerepromisingandnotsignificantlydifferentbetweenprotocolsat2years.Real-worldefficacyandlong-termresultsinourserieswereinlinewiththosereportedinthecorrespondingregistrationtrials.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionCancerImmunologyandImmunotherapy)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,20KiB)16pes,546KiB OpenAccessArticleComprehensivePulmonaryRehabilitationforPatientswithMalignantPleuralMesothelioma:AFeasibilityPilotStudybyLorenzoLippi,AlessandrodeSire,AriannaFolli,ClaudioCurci,DarioCalafiore,MarianoLombardi,LucaBertolaccini,AlessioTurco,AntonioAmmendolia,NicolaFusco,LorenzoSpgiariandMarcoInvernizziCancers2024,16(11),2023;doi.org/10.3390/cancers(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractMalignantpleuralmesothelioma(MPM)representsasignificanthealthburden,withlimitedtreatmentoptionsandpoorprognosis.Despiteadvancesinpharmacologicalandsurgicalinterventions,theroleofrehabilitationinMPMmanementremainsunderexplored.Thisstudyaimstoassessthefeasibilityofatailoredpulmonary[...]Readmore.Malignantpleuralmesothelioma(MPM)representsasignificanthealthburden,withlimitedtreatmentoptionsandpoorprognosis.Despiteadvancesinpharmacologicalandsurgicalinterventions,theroleofrehabilitationinMPMmanementremainsunderexplored.ThisstudyaimstoassessthefeasibilityofatailoredpulmonaryrehabilitationinterventionaddressingphysicalandrespiratoryfunctioninMPMpatients.AprospectivepilotstudywasconductedonsurgicallytreatedMPMpatientsreferredtoacardiopulmonaryrehabilitationservice.Theinterventioncomprisedmultidisciplinaryeducationalsessions,physicalrehabilitation,andrespiratoryphysiotherapy.Feasibilitywasevaluatedbasedondropoutrates,adherencetotherehabilitationprogram,safety,andpatient-reportedoutcomes.Twelvepatientswereinitiallyenrolled,withsevencompletingthestudy.Highadherencetophysical(T1:93.43%,T2:82.56%)andrespiratory(T1:96.2%,T2:92.5%)rehabilitationwasobserved,withminimaladverseeventsreported.Patientsatisfactionremainedhighthroughoutthestudy(GPEscoresatT1:1.83±1.17;T2:2.0±1.15),withimprovementsnotedinphysicalfunction,painmanement,andhealth-relatedqualityoflife.However,someissues,suchastimeconstraintsandlackofcontinuoussupervision,werereportedbyparticipants.ThispilotstudydemonstratesthefeasibilityandpotentialbenefitsofatailoredpulmonaryrehabilitationinterventioninMPMpatients.Despiteitspromisingoutcomes,furtherresearchwithlargersamplesiswarrantedtovalidateitsefficacyandintegraterehabilitationasacomponentintothemultidisciplinarymanementofMPM.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionCancerSurvivorshipandQualityofLife)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,1472KiB)20pes,4437KiB OpenAccessArticleWhole-GenomeSequencingandGeneticDiversityofHumanRespiratorySyncytialVirusinPatientswithInfluenza-LikeIllnessinSicily(Italy)from2017to2023byFabioTramuto,CarmeloMassimoMaida,GiuliaRandazzo,ValeriaGuzzetta,AriannaSantino,RitaLiMuli,ClaudioCostantino,GiorgioGraziano,EmanueleAmodio,WalterMazzuccoandFrancescoVitaleViruses2024,16(6),851;doi.org/10.3390/v(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractMonitoringthegeneticvariabilityofhumanrespiratorysyncytialvirus(hRSV)isofparamountimportance,especiallyforthepotentialimplicationofkeyantigenicmutationsontheemergenceofimmuneescapevariants.Thus,todescribethegeneticdiversityandevolutionarydynamicsofhRSVcirculatingin[...]Readmore.Monitoringthegeneticvariabilityofhumanrespiratorysyncytialvirus(hRSV)isofparamountimportance,especiallyforthepotentialimplicationofkeyantigenicmutationsontheemergenceofimmuneescapevariants.Thus,todescribethegeneticdiversityandevolutionarydynamicsofhRSVcirculatinginSicily(Italy),atotalof153hRSVwhole-genomesequencescollectedfrom770hRSV-positivesubjectsbetween2017and2023,beforetheintroductionofexpandedimmunizationprogramsintothepopulation,wereinvestigated.ThephylogeneticanalysesindicatedthatthegenotypesGA.2.3.5(ON1)forhRSV-AandGB.5.0.5a(BA9)forhRSV-Bco-circulatedinourregion.Aminoacid(AA)substitutionsinthesurfaceandinternalproteinswereevaluated,includingtheFproteinantigenicsites,asthemajortargetsofimmunoprophylacticmonoclonalantibodiesandvaccines.Overall,theproportionofAAchangesrangedbetween1.5%and22.6%amonghRSV-A,whereashRSV-Bvariedintherange0.8–16.9%;thelatterwasmorepolymorphicthanhRSV-Awithinthekeyantigenicsites.NoAAsubstitutionswerefoundatsiteIIIofbothsubgroups.Althoughseveralnon-synonymousmutationswerefound,noneofthepolymorphismsknowntopotentiallyaffecttheefficacyofcurrentpreventivemeasuresweredocumented.ThesefindingsprovidenewinsightsintotheglobalhRSVmolecularepidemiologyandhighlighttheimportanceofdefiningabaselinegenomicpicturetomonitorforfuturechangesthatmightbeinducedbytheselectivepressuresofimmunologicalpreventivemeasures,whichwillsoonbecomewidelyailable.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueInfluenzaandOtherRespiratoryViruses:Prevention,Dinosis,Treatment)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,126KiB)18pes,2302KiB OpenAccessArticleFarmerPerspectivesontheEconomic,Environmental,andSocialSustainabilityofEnvironmentalConservationriculture(ECA)inNamobuddhaMunicipality,Kre,NepalbyKeshLallMaharjan,ClarisseMendozaGonzalvoandManjeshworiSinghSustainability2024,16(11),4523;doi.org/10.3390/su(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractTheadoptionofenvironmentalconservationriculture(ECA)inNepalisalignedwiththecountry’sgoaltoachievecarbonneutralityby2045,asECApracticeshebeenproventoeffectivelyreducegreenhousegasemissions.Nepal’sriculturalsectorfacesnumerouschallenges,includinglaborshortes,climate[...]Readmore.Theadoptionofenvironmentalconservationriculture(ECA)inNepalisalignedwiththecountry’sgoaltoachievecarbonneutralityby2045,asECApracticeshebeenproventoeffectivelyreducegreenhousegasemissions.Nepal’sriculturalsectorfacesnumerouschallenges,includinglaborshortes,climatechangeimpacts,andthenecessityforenvironmentallyfriendlyfarmingmethods,makingtheadoptionofECApracticesevenmorecrucial.Thus,thispaperexploredfarmerperspectivesonthesustainabilityofECApracticesintheNamobuddhamunicipality,Nepal,whichisrenownedasaleadinghuboforganicfarming.Across-sectionalsurveywasconducted,togetherwithkeyinformantinterviewsandonsiteobservations.Byanalyzingvariousfarmerperspectives,thestudypresentsananalyticalframeworkthathighlightstheeconomic,environmental,andsocialpillarsofECA’ssustainability.Thefindingsunderscorethesignificanceofeconomicviabilityforfarmers,asdamestocropsandfarmproductsnegativelydrivetheirperceptionofECAsustainability.Conversely,factorssuchasincreasedriculture-relatedincome,forableprices,andsustainableproductivitypositivelyshapefarmers’perceptions.Intermsofenvironmentalsustainability,farmersprioritizeenhancingthelocalandglobalenvironment,viewingtheirfarmingmethodsasclimate-smartandactivelyworkingtowardsreducinggreenhousegasemissions.ThestudyemphasizestheimportanceofstrategiccommunicationtoeffectivelyconveythebenefitsofECAtoruralcommunities.Overall,thisresearchcoPlease 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Cloudflarentributestofillingtheknowledgegapconcerningfarmers’perceptionsofECAsustainability.TheinsightsgainedfromthisstudyhethepotentialtoinformpolicydecisionsandpromotethewidespreadadoptionofenvironmentallyfriendlyfarmingpracticesinNepal.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueEnvironmentalandSocialSustainabilityinRuralDevelopment)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,217KiB)12pes,324KiB OpenAccessArticleAnArtificialNeuralNetworkPredictsGenderDifferencesofMotorandNon-MotorSymptomsofPatientswithAdvancedParkinson’sDiseaseunderLevodopa–CarbidopaIntestinalGelbyAnastasiaBougea,TajedinDerikvandandEfthymiaEfthimiopoulouMedicina2024,60(6),873;doi.org/10.3390/medicina(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractBackgroundandObjectives:Currently,notoolexiststopredictclinicaloutcomesinpatientswithadvancedParkinson’sdisease(PD)underlevodopa–carbidopaintestinalgel(LCIG)treatment.Theaimofthisstudywastodevelopanoveldeepneuralnetworkmodeltopredicttheclinical[...]Readmore.BackgroundandObjectives:Currently,notoolexiststopredictclinicaloutcomesinpatientswithadvancedParkinson’sdisease(PD)underlevodopa–carbidopaintestinalgel(LCIG)treatment.TheaimofthisstudywastodevelopanoveldeepneuralnetworkmodeltopredicttheclinicaloutcomesofpatientswithadvancedPDaftertwoyearsofLCIGtherapy.MaterialsandMethods:Thiswasalongitudinal,24-monthobservationalstudyof59patientswithadvancedPDinamulticenterregistryunderLCIGtreatmentfromSeptember2019toSeptember2021,including43movementdisordercenters.Thedatasetincludes649measurementsofpatients,whichmakeanirregulartimeseries,andtheyareturnedintoregulartimeseriesduringthepreprocessingphase.MotorstatuswasassessedwiththeUnifiedParkinson’sDiseaseRatingScale(UPDRS)PartsIII(off)andIV.TheNMSwasassessedbytheNMSQuestionnaire(NMSQ)andtheGeriatricDepressionScale(GDS),thequalityoflifebyPDQ-39,andseveritybyHoehnandYahr(HY).Multivariatelinearregression,ARIMA,SARIMA,andLongShort-TermMemory–RecurrentNeuralNetwork(LSTM-RNN)modelswereused.Results:LCIGsignificantlyimproveddyskinesiadurationandqualityoflife,withmenexperiencinga19%andwomena10%greaterimprovement,respectively.MultivariatelinearregressionmodelsshowedthatUPDRS-IIIdecreasedby1.5and4.39unitsperone-unitincreaseinthePDQ-39andUPDRS-IVindexes,respectively.AlthoughtheARIMA-(2,0,2)modelisthebestonewithAICcriterion101.8andvalidationcriteriaMAE=0.25,RMSE=0.59,andRS=0.49,itfailedtopredictPDpatients’featuresoveralongperiodoftime.Amongallthetimeseriesmodels,theLSTM-RNNmodelpredictstheseclinicalcharacteristicswiththehighestaccuracy(MAE=0.057,RMSE=0.079,RS=0.0053,meansquareerror=0.0069).Conclusions:TheLSTM-RNNmodelpredicts,withthehighestaccuracy,gender-dependentclinicaloutcomesinpatientswithadvancedPDaftertwoyearsofLCIGtherapy.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueNon-motorDisordersinParkinson’sDiseaseandOtherParkinsonianSyndromes,2ndEdition)13pes,1386KiB OpenAccessArticleSingleCenterExperienceofEus-GuidedCystogastrostomyandLumen-ApposingMetalStent(LAMS)PositioninginChildrenwithPancreaticFluidCollections:ACaseSeriesbyAnnalisaFiammettaPasqualetto,GiovanniBoroni,DarioMoneghini,FilippoParolini,Paolo.Orizio,AnnaLiniaBulotta,GuidoMissaleandDanieleAlbertiChildren2024,11(6),643;doi.org/10.3390/children(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractPancreaticfluidcollections(PFCs)areawell-knowncomplicationofpancreatitis.PFCsoperativemanementincludespercutaneous,endoscopicorsurgicaldraine.Evenifinadultpatients,endoscopicdraineisawell-establishedtreatment,fewdataareailableinpediatricsetting.Wereportoursingle-centerexperienceof[...]Readmore.Pancreaticfluidcollections(PFCs)areawell-knowncomplicationofpancreatitis.PFCsoperativemanementincludespercutaneous,endoscopicorsurgicaldraine.Evenifinadultpatients,endoscopicdraineisawell-establishedtreatment,fewdataareailableinpediatricsetting.Wereportoursingle-centerexperienceofEUS-guidedcystogastrostomyandlumen-apposingmetalstent(LAMS)positioninginchildrenwithPFCs;this,atthebestofourknowledge,hasneverbeenreportedbefore.AllconsecutivechildrenwithPFCsbetweenApril2020andNovember2022wereenrolledinthisretrospectivestudy.PFCswerepreoperativelyevaluatedwithMRIorCTscan.Alltheprocedureswereperformedundergeneralanesthesia.ALAMSHot-AxiosTM10×15mmwasplacedinallpatients.Weevaluatedtechnicalfeasibilityandclinicaloutcomes,includingcomplicationsandrecurrencerates.Follow-upincludedclinicalobservation,bloodtestsandUS.EUS-guidedcystogastrostomywasperformedin3children(2males;mediane13.2years).Medianmaximumcystdiameterwas14.7cm(range10–22cm).Technicalandclinicalsuccessrateswere100%.Nointraorpost-operativecomplicationsoccurred.OurexperiencesuggeststhatthiscanbeconsideredasafeandfeasibletreatmentofPCFseveninthepediatricpopulation,aslongastheprocedureisperformedbyanexpertEndoscopistinapediatrictertiary-levelCenter.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionPediatricSurgery)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,146KiB)19pes,2992KiB OpenAccessReviewEfficacyandSafetyofIntrenousMnesiumSulfateinSpinalSurgery:ASystematicReviewandMeta-AnalysisbyJorgeCampos,JoseLuisBas,ClaudiaCampos,GonzaloMariscal,TeresaBasandPalomaBasJ.Clin.Med.2024,13(11),3122;doi.org/10.3390/jcm(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractOptimizingpainmanementinspinalsurgeryiscrucialforpreventingadverseeventsduetodelayedmobilization.Mnesiumsulfatehaspotentialbenefitsinspinalsurgerybecauseofitsanalgesicpropertiesandmodulationofneurotransmittersandautonomicnervoussystem.Existingevidenceregardingtheuseof[...]Readmore.Optimizingpainmanementinspinalsurgeryiscrucialforpreventingadverseeventsduetodelayedmobilization.Mnesiumsulfatehaspotentialbenefitsinspinalsurgerybecauseofitsanalgesicpropertiesandmodulationofneurotransmittersandautonomicnervoussystem.Existingevidenceregardingtheuseofmnesiumsulfateispartialandcontroversial,necessitatingacomprehensivemeta-analysistoevaluateitsefficacyandsafety.Theaimofthisstudywastoconductacomprehensivemeta-analysistoevaluatetheefficacyandsafetyofmnesiumsulfateinspinalsurgerycomparedtootherailableoptions.Thismeta-analysisadheredtothePRISMAguidelines.Patientsundergoingspinalsurgerywereincluded,withtheinterventiongroupreceivingintrenousmnesiumsulfate(MS)atvariousdosesorcombinations,whereasthecomparisongroupreceivedotheralternativesoraplacebo.Theefficacyandsafetyoutcomeswereassessed.DatawerecollectedfrommultipledatabasesandanalyzedusingReviewManerversion5.4.Heterogeneitywasassessedandfixed-orrandom-effectsmodelswereapplied.Themeta-analysisincludedeightstudies(n=541).Mnesiumsulfatedemonstratedsignificantreductionsinpainat24h(MD−0.20,95%CI:−0.39to−0.02)andopioidconsumption(SMD−0.66,95%CI:−0.95to−0.38)comparedtoplacebo.Additionally,adecreaseintheuseofmusclerelaxants(SMD−0.91,95%CI:−1.65to−0.17)andremifentanil(SMD−1.52,95%CI:−1.98to−1.05)wasobserved.Incontrast,anincreaseinextubationtime(MD2.42,95%CI:1.14to3.71)andverbalresponse(MD1.85,95%CI:1.13to2.58)wasobservedcomparedtodexmedetomidine.Inconclusion,mnesiumsulfateadministrationinspinalsurgeryreducedpainandopioidconsumption,andprolongedorientationandverbalresponse.Nosignificantdifferencesinbloodpressureorheartratewereobservedbetweenthegroups.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueNeurosurgeryandSpineSurgery:FromUp-to-DatePractitioners)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,76KiB)15pes,658KiB OpenAccessArticleManementandClinicalOutcomesofBreastCancerinWomenDinosedwithHereditaryCancerSyndromesinaClinic-BasedSamplefromColombiabyMaríaCarolinaSanabria-Salas,AnaPedroza-Duran,SandraE.Díaz-Casas,MarcelaNuñezLemus,CarlosF.Grillo-Ardila,XimenaBriceño-Morales,MauricioGarcía-Mora,JierÁngel-Aristizábal,IvánFernandoMariñoLozano,RaúlAlexisSuarezRodríguezandLuisHernánGuzmánAbisaabCancers2024,16(11),2020;doi.org/10.3390/cancers(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractThisstudyaimedtoinvestigateprognosisandsurvivaldifferencesin82breastcancerpatientswithgermlinepathogenic/likelypathogenicvariants(PVs)treatedandfollowedattheBreastUnitoftheInstitutoNacionaldeCancerología,Colombia(INC-C)between2018and2021.Medianeatdinosis[...]Readmore.Thisstudyaimedtoinvestigateprognosisandsurvivaldifferencesin82breastcancerpatientswithgermlinepathogenic/likelypathogenicvariants(PVs)treatedandfollowedattheBreastUnitoftheInstitutoNacioPlease 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CloudflarenaldeCancerología,Colombia(INC-C)between2018and2021.Medianeatdinosiswas46years,with62.2%presentinglocallyadvancedtumors,47.6%histologicalgrade3,and35.4%withtriple-negativebreastcancer(TNBC)subtype.Mostcarriers,74.4%(61/82),hadPVsinknownbreastcancersusceptibilitygenes(i.e.,“associatedgenecarriers”group,consideredinheritedbreastcancercases):BRCA2(30),BRCA1(14),BARD1(4),RAD51D(3),TP53(2),PALB2(2),ATM(2),CHEK2(1),RAD51C(1),NF1(1),andPTEN(1).BRCA1-2represented53.7%,andhomologousrecombinationDNAdamerepair(HR-DDR)genesassociatedwithbreastcancerriskaccountedfor15.9%.PatientswithPVsinnon-breast-cancerriskgeneswerecombinedinadifferentcategory(21/82;25.6%)(i.e.,“non-associatedgenecarriers”group,consideredotherbreastcancercases).Medianfollow-upwas38.1months,and24%experiencedrecurrence,with90%beingdistant.The5-yearDisease-FreeSurvival(DFS)forinheritedbreastcancercaseswas66.5%,andforotherbreastcancercasesitwas88.2%.Inparticular,forcarriersofPVsintheBRCA2gene,itwas37.6%.The5-yearOverallSurvival(OS)ratesrangedfrom68.8%forthosewithPVsinBRCA2to100%forthosewithPVsinotherHR-DDRgenes.FurtherstudiesarecrucialforunderstandingtumorbehiorandtherapyresponsedifferencesamongColombianbreastcancerpatientswithgermlinePVs.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionClinicalResearchofCancer)22pes,4874KiB OpenAccessArticleUnveilingGlacierMassBalance:AlbedogregationInsightsforAustrianandNorwegianGlaciersbyFanYe,QingCheng,WeifengHao,AnxunHuandDongLiangRemoteSens.2024,16(11),1914;doi.org/10.3390/rs(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractAssessingtheregionalmassbalanceofEuropeanglacierspresentssignificantchallengesduetolimitedmeasurements.Whilevariousalbedomethodshebeenexploredforindividualglaciers,acomprehensiveanalysisofgregatedalbedomethodsislacking.Addressingthisgap,inourstudy,weexaminedfive[...]Readmore.AssessingtheregionalmassbalanceofEuropeanglacierspresentssignificantchallengesduetolimitedmeasurements.Whilevariousalbedomethodshebeenexploredforindividualglaciers,acomprehensiveanalysisofgregatedalbedomethodsislacking.Addressingthisgap,inourstudy,weexaminedfiveMODISgregatedalbedos(rawere,minimumere,ereminimum,interpolatedere,andcumulative)versustheannualmassbalancefor12AustrianandNorwegianglaciersfrom2001to2020toestablishconnectionsbetweenthem.WefindthattherawerealbedoisstronglycorrelatedwiththeannualmassbalanceofAustrianglaciers(r=0.91),whiletheinterpolatederealbedoissignificantlycorrelatedwiththeannualmassbalanceofNorwegianglaciers(r=0.90).Moreover,weobservethathigh-elevationglaciersexperiencefewercloudcoverdays,allowingtherawerealbedotoreliablyestimatetheannualmassbalance,whereaslow-elevationglaciersareoftenobscuredbyclouds,potentiallymaskingthetrueminimumalbedo.Additionally,traditionalindicators,suchastheequilibrium-linealtitudeandaccumulationarearatio,exhibitsignificantcorrelationswiththeannualmassbalanceofNorwegianandAustrianglaciers(r=0.90and0.87,respectively),yetalbedodemonstrateshigherrobustness.Thesefindingsprovideareferenceforselectingappropriategregationmethodstoreconstructglaciermassbalancefromalbedoobservations.Fullarticle19pes,723KiB OpenAccessArticleExploringtheEffectivenessofthePhaseFeaturesonDoubleCompressedAMRSpeechDetectionbyAykutBükerandCemalHanilçiAppl.Sci.2024,14(11),4573;doi.org/10.3390/app(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractDeterminingwhetheranaudiosignalissinglecompressed(SC)ordoublecompressed(DC)isacrucialtaskinaudioforensics,asitiscloselylinkedtotheintegrityoftherecording.Inthispaper,weproposetheutilizationofphasespectrum-basedfeaturesfor[...]Readmore.Determiningwhetheranaudiosignalissinglecompressed(SC)ordoublecompressed(DC)isacrucialtaskinaudioforensics,asitiscloselylinkedtotheintegrityoftherecording.Inthispaper,weproposetheutilizationofphasespectrum-basedfeaturesfordetectingDCnarrowbandandwidebandadaptivemulti-rate(AMR-NBandAMR-WB)speech.Tothebestofourknowledge,phasespectrumfeatureshenotbeenpreviouslyexploredforDCaudiodetection.Inadditiontointroducingphasespectrumfeatures,weproposeanovelparallelLSTMsystemthatsimultaneouslylearnsthemostrepresentativefeaturesfromboththemnitudeandphasespectrumofthespeechsignalandintegratesbothsetsofinformationtofurtherenhanceitsperformance.AnalysesdemonstratesignificantdifferencesbetweenthephasespectraofSCandDCspeechsignals,suggestingtheirpotentialasrepresentativefeaturesforDCAMRspeechdetection.TheproposedphasespectrumfeaturesarefoundtoperformaswellasmnitudespectrumfeaturesfortheAMR-NBcodec,whileoutperformingthemnitudespectrumindetectingAMR-WBspeech.Theproposedphasespectrumfeaturesyield8%performanceimprovementintermsoftruepositiverateoverthemnitudespectrogramfeatures.TheproposedparallelLSTMsystemfurtherimprovesDCAMR-WBspeechdetection.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionComputingandArtificialIntelligence)12pes,382KiB OpenAccessArticleExternalQualityAssessment(EQA)forSARS-CoV-2RNAPoint-of-CareTestinginPrimaryHealthcareServices:AnalyticalPerformanceoverSevenEQACyclesbySusanJ.Matthews,KelcieMiller,KellyAndrewartha,MelisaMilic,DeaneByers,PeterSantosa,AlexaKaufer,KirstySmith,LouiseM.Causer,BelindaHengel,InekaGow,TanyaApplegate,WilliamD.Rawlinson,RebeccaGuyandMarkShephardDinostics2024,14(11),1106;doi.org/10.3390/dinostics(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractInApril2020,theAboriginalandTorresStraitIslanderCOVID-19Point-of-Care(POC)TestingProgramwasinitiatedtoimproveaccesstorapidmolecular-basedSARS-CoV-2detectioninFirstNationscommunities.Atcapacity,theprogramreached105healthservicesacrossAustralia.Anexternalreviewestimatedthe[...]Readmore.InApril2020,theAboriginalandTorresStraitIslanderCOVID-19Point-of-Care(POC)TestingProgramwasinitiatedtoimproveaccesstorapidmolecular-basedSARS-CoV-2detectioninFirstNationscommunities.Atcapacity,theprogramreached105healthservicesacrossAustralia.Anexternalreviewestimatedtheprogramcontributedtoertingbetween23,000and122,000COVID-19infectionswithin40daysofthefirstinfectioninaremotecommunity,equatingtocostsingsofbetweenAU$337millionandAU$1.8billion.Essentialtothequalitymanementofthisprogram,acustomisedExternalQualityAssessment(EQA)programwasdevelopedwiththeRoyalCollegeofPathologistsofAustralasiaQualityAssurancePrograms(RCPAQAP).FromJuly2020toMay2022,SARS-CoV-2EQAparticipationrangedfrom93to100%.OverallconcordanceofvalidEQAresultswashigh(98%),withimprovedperformancefollowingthefirstsurvey.Theseresultsareconsistentwiththosereportedby12Australianand4NewZealandlaboratoriesforthreeSARS-CoV-2RNAEQAsurveysinMarch2020,demonstratingthatSARS-CoV-2RNAPOCtestinginprimarycaresettingscanbeperformedtoanequivalentlaboratoryanalyticalstandard.Morebroadly,thisstudyhighlightsthevalueofqualitymanementpracticesinreal-worldtestingenvironmentsandthebenefitsofongoingEQAprogramparticipation.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionPoint-of-CareDinosticsandDevices)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,2511KiB)20pes,5612KiB OpenAccessArticlePrimaryNucleationofPolymorphicα-SynucleinDimersDependsonCopperConcentrationsandDefiniteCopper-BindingSitebyCarmiaBlacher,KarinaAbramov-HarpazandYifatMillerBiomolecules2024,14(6),627;doi.org/10.3390/biom(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractTheprimarynucleationprocessofα-synuclein(AS)thatformstoxicoligomericspeciesistheearlysteofthepathologicalcauseofParkinson’sdisease.Itiswell-knownthatcopperinfluencesthisprimarynucleationprocess.Whilesignificanteffortshebeenmadetosolvethestructures[...]Readmore.Theprimarynucleationprocessofα-synuclein(AS)thatformstoxicoligomericspeciesistheearlysteofthepathologicalcauseofParkinson’sdisease.Itiswell-knownthatcopperinfluencesthisprimarynucleationprocess.WhilesignificanteffortshebeenmadetosolvethestructuresofpolymorphicASfibrils,thestructuresofASoligomersandthecopper-boundASoligomersatthemolecularlevelandtheeffectofcopperconcentrationsontheprimarynucleationareelusive.Here,weproposeanddemonstratenewmolecularmechanismpathwaysofprimarynucleationofASthataretunedbydistinctcopperconcentrationsandbyaspecificcopper-bindingsite.WepresentthepolymorphicASdimersboundtodifferentcopper-bindingsitesattheatomicresolutioninhigh-andlow-copperconcentrations,usingextensivemoleculardynamicssimulations.Ourresultsshowthecomplexityoftheprimarynucleationpathwaysthatrelyonthecopperconcentrationsandthecopperbindingsite.Fromabroaderperspective,ourstudyproposesanewstrategytocontroltheprimarynucleationofothertoxicamyloidoligomersinotherneurodegenerativediseases.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueSynucleinProteinsII)14pes,648KiB OpenAccessArticleCorrelationofpNSteandHypoechogenicitywithTumourEncapsulationandVascularInvasioninThyroidCancer(TC):AComprehensiveAnalysisandClinicalOutcomesbyKrzysztofJurkiewicz,MichałMiciak,SzymonBiernat,BeataWojtczakandKrzysztofKaliszewskiCancers2024,16(11),2019;doi.org/10.3390/cancers(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractInthisretrospectivestudy,therelationshipbetweenthepNsteofTCandtheultrasoundhypoechogenicityoftumourencapsulationandvascularinvasionwasinvestigated.Thedataofatotalof678TCpatientswereanalysed.Thegoalofthisstudywastoassess[...]Readmore.Inthisretrospectivestudy,therelationshipbetweenthepNsteofTCandtheultrasoundhypoechogenicityoftumourencapsulationandvascularinvasionwasinvestigated.Thedataofatotalof678TCpatientswereanalysed.ThegoalofthisstudywastoassessthesignificanceofthepTNMscoreandpreoperativeultrasoundfeaturesinpredictingcancerprognosisandguidingtherapeuticdecisionsinpatientswithTC.Themainresearchmethodsincludedaretrospectiveanalysisofpatientdata,mainlythepTNMscoreandpresenceoftumourencapsulationandvascularinvasionobtainedfromhistopathologicalresultsandpreoperativeultrasoundiming.Patientswithwell-differentiatedTCs(papillaryandfollicular)wereextractedfromTCpatientstobetterunifytheresultsbecauseofsimilarclinicalstrategiesfortheseTCs.SignificantassociationswereobservedbetweenadvancedpNsteandthepresenceofencapsulationandvesselinvasion.ThemajorityofpN1apatientsexhibitedencapsulation(77.71%;p<0.0001)andvascularinvasion(75.30%;p<0.0001),asdidthemajorityofpN1bpatients(100%;p<0.0001and100%;p<0.0001,respectively).Lessthanhalfofthepatientswithhypoeghogenicpatternspresentedwithencapsulation(43.30%;p<0.0001)andvascularinvasion(43.52%;p<0.0001),whilethevastmajorityofpatientswithouthypoechogenicitydidnotpresentwithencapsulation(90.97%;p<0.0001)orvascularinvasion(90.97%;p<0.0001).Hypoechogenicitywasfoundtobeindicativeofgressivetumourbehiour.TheresultsofthisstudyunderscoretheimportanceofaccurateNstinginTCandsuggeststhepotentialuseofultrasoundfeaturesinpredictingtumourbehiour.FurtherresearchisneededtoconfirmthesefindingsandexploreadditionalprognosticmarkerstostreamlineTCmanementstrategiesandimprovepatientoutcomes.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueAdvancesinDinosis,TreatmentandManementofEndocrineNeoplasms)19pes,2724KiB OpenAccessEssayCFD-DEMModelingofCryogenicHydrogenFlowandHeatTransferinPackedBedbyXinQuan,YongfangXiaandQuanchenZhangSustainability2024,16(11),4522;doi.org/10.3390/su(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractHydrogenisanimportantcomponentofrenewableenergyandisessentialforsustainabledevelopment.Thecryogenicenergystoresystemcansolvetheproblemofhydrogenstore.Apackedbedcanbeappliedinacryogenicenergystoresystem.Itiscrucialtounderstand[...]Readmore.Hydrogenisanimportantcomponentofrenewableenergyandisessentialforsustainabledevelopment.Thecryogenicenergystoresystemcansolvetheproblemofhydrogenstore.Apackedbedcanbeappliedinacryogenicenergystoresystem.Itiscrucialtounderstandthecryogenicenergydischarginginapackedbed.Inthepresentwork,theCFD-DEMcouplingmethodisusedtoinvestigatethepore-scaleflowandheattransfercharacteristicsofcryogenichydrogenflowingthroughthepackedbed.Todemonstratethecharacteristicsofthepore-scaleheattransferofthehydrogenflowinapackedbed,thelocPlease 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Cloudflarealradial-eredandaxial-eredtemperaturesandvelocitiesareanalyzedindetail,dependingonthelocalporositydistribution.Thepore-scaleradial-eredvelocitydistributionisproportionaltothelocalradialporositydistribution,whereasthepore-scaleradial-eredtemperaturecharacteristicsareinverse.Moreover,fortheheatexchangeofthecryogenichydrogenflowinapackedbed,itcanbefoundthatthecryogenichydrogenflowisfullyheatedatanaxialdistanceofapproximately7dp.Finally,consideringthatthethermo-physicalpropertiesofcryogenichydrogenaresensitivetothetemperatureinapackedbed,thefrictionfactorandNusseltnumberinthepackedbedarealsoanalyzedundervariousoperatingparameters,whichareingoodreementwithcertainclassicempiricalcorrelations.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueGreenandCleanHydrogenProduction)17pes,1593KiB OpenAccessArticleSynthesisofNon-LinguisticUtterancesforSoundDesignSupportUsingaGeneticAlgorithmbyAhmedKhota,EricW.CooperandYuYanAppl.Sci.2024,14(11),4572;doi.org/10.3390/app(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractAssocialrobotsbecomemoreprevalent,theyoftenemploynon-speechsounds,inadditiontoothermodesofcommunication,tocommunicateemotionandintentioninanincreasinglycomplexvisualandaudioenvironment.Thesenon-speechsoundsareusuallytailor-made,andresearchintothegenerationof[...]Readmore.Associalrobotsbecomemoreprevalent,theyoftenemploynon-speechsounds,inadditiontoothermodesofcommunication,tocommunicateemotionandintentioninanincreasinglycomplexvisualandaudioenvironment.Thesenon-speechsoundsareusuallytailor-made,andresearchintothegenerationofnon-speechsoundsthatcanconveyemotionshasbeenlimited.Toenablesocialrobotstousealargeamountofnon-speechsoundsinanaturalanddynamicway,whileexpressingawiderangeofemotionseffectively,thisworkproposesanautomaticmethodofsoundgenerationusingageneticalgorithm,coupledwitharandomforestmodeltrainedonrepresentativenon-speechsoundstovalidateeachproducedsound’sabilitytoexpressemotion.Thesoundsweretestedinanexperimentwhereinsubjectsratedtheperceivedvalenceandarousal.Statisticallysignificantclustersofsoundsinthevalencearousalspacecorrespondedtodifferentemotions,showingthattheproposedmethodgeneratessoundsthatcanreadilybeusedinsocialrobots.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueIntelligentRobotics:DesignandApplications)46pes,3177KiB OpenAccessReviewBeyondFlight:EnhancingtheInternetofDroneswithBlockchainTechnologiesbyKyriakiA.Tychola,KonstantinosVoulgaridisandThomasLkasDrones2024,8(6),219;doi.org/10.3390/drones(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractTheInternetofDrones(IoD)isadecentralizednetworklinkingdrones’accesstocontrolledairspace,providinghighadaptabilitytocomplexscenariosandservicestovariousdroneapplications,suchaspackedelivery,trafficsurveillance,andrescue,includingnigationservices.UnmannedAerialVehicles(Us),combined[...]Readmore.TheInternetofDrones(IoD)isadecentralizednetworklinkingdrones’accesstocontrolledairspace,providinghighadaptabilitytocomplexscenariosandservicestovariousdroneapplications,suchaspackedelivery,trafficsurveillance,andrescue,includingnigationservices.UnmannedAerialVehicles(Us),combinedwithIoDprinciples,offernumerousstrengths,e.g.,highmobility,wirelesscovereareas,andtheabilitytoreachinaccessiblelocations,includingsignificantimprovementssuchasreliability,connectivity,throughput,anddecreaseddelay.Additionally,emergingblockchainsolutionsintegratedwithintheconceptoftheIoDenableeffectiveoutcomesthatsurpasstraditionalsecurityapproaches,whileenablingdecentralizedfeaturesforsmarthuman-centeredapplications.Nevertheless,thecombinationoftheIoDandblockchainfacesmanychallengeswithemergingopenissuesthatrequirefurtherinvestigation.Inthiswork,wethoroughlysurveythetechnologicalconceptoftheIoDandfundamentalaspectsofblockchain,whileinvestigatingitscontributiontocurrentIoDpractices,theimpactofnovelenablingtechnologies,andtheiractiveroleinthecombinationofthecorrespondingsynergy.Moreover,wepromotethecombinationofthetwotechnologiesbyresearchingtheircollaborativefunctionalitythroughdifferentusecasesandapplicationfieldsthatimplementdecentralizedIoDsolutionsandhighlightingtheirindicativebenefits,whilediscussingimportantchallengesandfuturedirectionsonopenissues.Fullarticle19pes,1691KiB OpenAccessReviewArtificialIntelligenceinSportsMedicine:ReshapingElectrocardiogramAnalysisforAthleteSafety—ANarrativeReviewbyAlinaMariaSmaranda,TeodoraSiminaDrăgoiu,AdelaCaramoci,AdelinaAnaAfetelor,AncaMirelaIonescuandIoanaAncaBădărăuSports2024,12(6),144;doi.org/10.3390/sports(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractArtificialIntelligence(AI)isredefiningelectrocardiogram(ECG)analysisinpre-participationexamination(PPE)ofathletes,enhancingthedetectionandmonitoringofcardiovascularhealth.Cardiovascularconcerns,includingsuddencardiacdeath,posesignificantrisksduringsportsactivities.TraditionalECG,essentialyetlimited,oftenfailstodistinguish[...]Readmore.ArtificialIntelligence(AI)isredefiningelectrocardiogram(ECG)analysisinpre-participationexamination(PPE)ofathletes,enhancingthedetectionandmonitoringofcardiovascularhealth.Cardiovascularconcerns,includingsuddencardiacdeath,posesignificantrisksduringsportsactivities.TraditionalECG,essentialyetlimited,oftenfailstodistinguishbetweenbenigncardiacadaptationsandseriousconditions.Thisnarrativereviewinvestigatestheapplicationofmachinelearning(ML)anddeeplearning(DL)inECGinterpretation,aimingtoimprovethedetectionofarrhythmias,channelopathies,andhypertrophiccardiomyopathies.Aliteraturereviewoverthepastdecade,sourcingfromPubMedandGoogleScholar,highlightsthegrowingadoptionofAIinsportsmedicineforitsprecisionandpredictivecapabilities.AIalgorithmsexcelatidentifyingcomplexcardiacpatterns,potentiallyoverlookedbytraditionalmethods,andareincreasinglyintegratedintowearabletechnologiesforcontinuousmonitoring.Overall,byofferingacomprehensiveoverviewofcurrentinnovationsandoutliningfutureadvancements,thisreviewsupportssportsmedicineprofessionalsinmergingtraditionalscreeningmethodswithstate-of-the-artAItechnologies.Thisapproachaimstoenhancedinosticaccuracyandefficiencyinathletecare,promotingearlydetectionandmoreeffectivemonitoringthroughAI-enhancedECGanalysiswithinathletePPEs.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueThePotentialRoleofArtificialIntelligenceinSportsCardiology)10pes,467KiB OpenAccessArticleRelationshipbetweenSubjectiveGripStrengthandPhysicalFunctioningamongCommunity-DwellingOlderWomenbyKoheiIwamoto,YukiKikuchi,HidekiNakano,TsuyoshiKatsurasako,KoheiMori,KayokoShiraiwa,JunHorieandShinMurataGeriatrics2024,9(3),68;doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractThisstudyinvestigatedtherelationshipbetweensubjectivegripstrengthandphysicalfunctionincommunity-dwellingolderwomen.Subjectivegripstrengthwasassessedusingaquestionnaire,andphysicalfunctionandbodycompositionwerecomparedbetweengroupswithstrongandweaksubjectivegripstrength.Additionally,the[...]Readmore.Thisstudyinvestigatedtherelationshipbetweensubjectivegripstrengthandphysicalfunctionincommunity-dwellingolderwomen.Subjectivegripstrengthwasassessedusingaquestionnaire,andphysicalfunctionandbodycompositionwerecomparedbetweengroupswithstrongandweaksubjectivegripstrength.Additionally,thetwogroupswerecomparedinthosewithmildcognitiveimpairment(MCI)andthosewithnormalcognitivefunction,respectively.Theresultsshowedsignificantdifferencesingripstrength(p<0.001),30schair–stand(CS-30)test(p=0.039),timedup-and-go(TUG)test(p=0.027),maximalgaitspeed(p=0.029),andskeletalmusclemass(p<0.001).Olderadultswithnormalcognitivefunctionshowedsignificantdifferencesingripstrength(p<0.001),quadricepsmusclestrength(p<0.009),one-legstandingtime(p=0.041),CS-30(p=0.002),TUG(p=0.014),gaitspeed(p=0.006),andskeletalmusclemass(p=0.003).Olderadultswithlowsubjectivegripstrengthhadlowerphysicalfunctionandskeletalmusclemass.However,noitemsshowedsignificantdifferencesbetweengroupsamongolderadultswithMCI.Thus,subjectivegripstrengthisanindicatorofanoveralldeclineinphysicalfunctionandareductioninskeletalmusclemassinolderadults,andcognitivefunctionshouldbeconsideredwhenassessingsubjectivegripstrengthinolderadults.Fullarticle14pes,740KiB OpenAccessArticleEmergenceofHigh-LevelGentamicinResistanceinStreptococcusalactiaeHypervirulentSerotypeIVST1010(CC452)StrainsbyAcquisitionofaNovelIntegrativeandConjugativeElementbyRobertaCreti,MonicaImperi,UzmaBasitKhan,AlbertoBerardi,SimonaRecchia,GiovannaAlfaroneandGiovanniGherardiAntibiotics2024,13(6),491;doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractStreptococcusalactiae(groupBstreptococci,GBS)isresponsibleforsevereinfectionsinbothneonatesandadults.Currently,empiricantimicrobialtherapyforsepsisandmeningitisisthecombineduseofpenicillinandgentamicinduetotheenhancedbactericidalactivity.However,high-levelgentamicinresistance(HLGR)[...]Readmore.Streptococcusalactiae(groupBstreptococci,GBS)isresponsibleforsevereinfectionsinbothneonatesandadults.Currently,empiricantimicrobialtherapyforsepsisandmeningitisisthecombineduseofpenicillinandgentamicinduetotheenhancedbactericidalactivity.However,high-levelgentamicinresistance(HLGR)abrogatesthesynergism.TherateofHLGRwasinvestigatedwithinadatasetof433GBSstrainscollectedfromcasesofinvasivediseaseinbothadultsandneonatesaswellasfrompregnantcarriers.GBSisolates(n=20,4.6%)presentedwithHLGR(gentamicinMICbreakpoint>1024mg/L)thatwasdifferentlydiffusedbetweenstrainsfromadultsorneonates(5.2%vs.2.8%).Notably,70%ofHLGRGBSstrains(14isolates)wereserotypeIV.SerotypeIVHLGR-GBSisolatesweresusceptibletoallantibioticstested,exhibitedthealpha-C/HvgA/PI-2bvirulencestring,andbelongedtosequencetype1010(clonalcomplex(CC)452).ThemobileelementthatharboredtheHLGRaac(6′)-aph(2)″geneisanovelintegrativeandconjugativeelement(ICE)about45kblong,derivedfromGBS515ICEtRNALys.TheclonalexpansionofthisHLGRhypervirulentserotypeIVGBSCC452sublineemayposeathreattothemanementofinfectionscausedbythisstraintype.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueSepsisManementandAntibioticTherapy)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,157KiB)28pes,3872KiB OpenAccessArticleExploringGroundwaterQualityTrendsinValliyarSub-Basin,KanniyakumariDistrict,IndiathroughAdvancedMachineLearningTechniquesbyBhathiKrishnanRameshandSankararajanVanithaWater2024,16(11),1531;doi.org/10.3390/w(registering DOI)-26May2024AbstractTheassessmentofwaterqualityassumesapositionofutmostsignificanceasitplaysacriticalroleinupholdingecologicalbalanceandsafeguardingthewell-beingofhumanpopulations.Toachievethesegoals,anin-depthconsiderationofwaterqualitytrendsisessential,asit[...]Readmore.Theassessmentofwaterqualityassumesapositionofutmostsignificanceasitplaysacriticalroleinupholdingecologicalbalanceandsafeguardingthewell-beingofhumanpopulations.Toachievethesegoals,anin-depthconsiderationofwaterqualitytrendsisessential,asitofferscomprehensionintotheintricateinterplaybetweenvariouselementswithinaquaticecosystems.Asaconsequence,theproposedworkinvestigatesthewaterqualitytrendsspecificallywithintheValliyarsub-basin,whichencompassesthegeographicalareasofKattathurai,Colachal,Thuckalay,andVillukuri.Thetemporalscopeofinvestigationspansfromtheyear2000to2018usingthedependentvariableofwaterqualityparameterswithdependentvariablesofclimatedata.Recognizingtheneedforadvancedmethodologiestotacklethemultifacetednatureofwaterqualitydynamics,thisresearchharnessesthepowerofpioneeringmachinelearningtechniques.Twonotableapproaches,theRadialBiasFunctionNeuralNetwork(RBFNN)andtheDenseNet-121-basedConvolutionalNeuralNetwork(CNN),arebroughtintoperformance.Theprimaryobjectiveistoleverethesetechniquestoforecastwaterqualitytrendsforthenexttwenty-twoyears.Theeffectivenessofvariousmachinelearningmodelsinpredictingwaterqualityisevaluatedusingthefollowingkeyperformancemetrics:theMean-SquareError(MSE),MeanAbsolutePercenteError(MAPE)andRoot-Mean-SquareError(RMSE).Notably,theDenseNetCNNmodelexhibitsaccuratepredictionamongtheArtificialNeuralNetwork(ANN),SupportVectorMachine(SVM),andDeepLearning(DL)models.Thisresearchunderscoresthesignificanceofmachinelearningtechniques,withDenseNetCNNmodelemergingasaparticularlypromisingtoolinthisdomain.FullarticleMoreArticles...OpenAccessJournalsAcousticsActaMicrobiologicaHellenica(AMH)ActuatorsAdministrativeSciencesAdolescentsAdvancesinRespiratoryMedicine(ARM)AerobiologyAerospacericultureriEngineeringrochemicalsronomyAIAirAlgorithmsAllergiesAlloysAnalyticaAnalyticsAnatomiaAnesthesiaResearchAnimalsAntibioticsAntibodiesAntioxidantsAppliedBiosciencesAppliedMechanicsAppliedMicrobiologyAppliedNanoAppliedSciencesAppliedSystemInnovation(ASI)AppliedChemAppliedMathAquacultureJournalArchitectureArthropodaArtsAstronomyAtmosphereAtomsAudiologyResearchAutomationAxiomsBacteriaBatteriesBehioralSciencesBeveresBigDataandCognitiveComputing(BDCC)BioChemBioengineeringBiologicsBiologyBiologyandLifeSciencesForumBiomassBiomechanicsBioMedBiomedicinesBioMedInformaticsBiomimeticsBiomoleculesBiophysicaBiosensorsBioTechBirdsBlockchainsBrainSciencesBuildingsBusinessesCCancersCardiogeneticsCatalystsCellsCeramicsChallengesChemEngineeringChemistryChemistryProceedingsChemosensorsChildrenChipsCivilEngCleanTechnologies(CleanTechnol.)ClimateClinicalandTranslationalNeuroscience(CTN)ClinicsandPracticeClocks&SleepCoastsCoatingsColloidsandInterfacesColorantsCommoditiesComplicationsCompoundsComputationComputerSciences&MathematicsForumComputersCondensedMatterConservationConstructionMaterialsCorrosionandMaterialsDegradation(CMD)CosmeticsCOVIDCropsCryptographyCrystalsCurrentIssuesinMolecularBiology(CIMB)CurrentOncologyDairyDataDentistryJournalDermatoDermatopathologyDesignsDiabetologyDinosticsDieteticsDigitalDisabilitiesDiseasesDiversityDNADronesDrugsandDrugCandidates(DDC)DynamicsEarthEcologiesEconometricsEconomiesEducationSciencesElectricityElectrochemElectronicMaterialsElectronicsEmergencyCareandMedicineEncyclopediaEndocrinesEnergiesEngEngineeringProceedingsEntropyEnvironmentalSciencesProceedingsEnvironmentsEpidemiologiaEpigenomesEuropeanBurnJournal(EBJ)EuropeanJournalofInvestigationinHealth,PsychologyandEducation(EJIHPE)FermentationFibersFinTechFireFishesFluidsFoodsForecastingForensicSciencesForestsFossilStudiesFoundationsFractalandFractional(FractalFract)FuelsFutureFutureInternetFuturePharmacologyFutureTransportationGalaxiesGamesGasesGastroenterologyInsightsGastrointestinalDisordersGastronomyGelsGenealogyGenesGeographiesGeoHazardsGeomaticsGeosciencesGeotechnicsGeriatricsGlaciesGout,Urate,andCrystalDepositionDisease(GUCDD)GrassesHardwareHealthcareHeartsHematoHematologyReportsHeriteHistoriesHorticulturaeHospitalsHumanitiesHumansHydrobiologyHydrogenHydrologyHygieneImmunoInfectiousDiseaseReportsInformaticsInformationInfrastructuresInorganicsInsectsInstrumentsInternationalJournalofEnvironmentalResearchandPublicHealth(IJERPH)InternationalJournalofFinancialStudies(IJFS)InternationalJournalofMolecularSciences(IJMS)InternationalJournalofNeonatalScreening(IJNS)InternationalJournalofPlantBiology(IJPB)InternationalJournalofTopologyInternationalJournalofTranslationalMedicine(IJTM)InternationalJournalofTurbomachinery,PropulsionandPower(IJTPP)InternationalMedicalEducation(IME)InventionsIoTISPRSInternationalJournalofGeo-Information(IJGI)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