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yRetractionShortNoteStudyProtocolSystematicReviewTechnicalNoteTutorialViewpoint  AdvancedSearch SectionSpecialIssueVolumeIssueNumberPe LogicalOperatorOperatorANDORSearchTextSearchTypeAllfieldsTitleAbstractKeywordsAuthorsAffiliationsDoiFullTextReferences add_circle_outlineremove_circle_outline  SensorsHardSyDR:ABenchmarkingEnvironmentforGNSSAlgorithmsMicromachinesAReviewonMachiningSiCp/AlCompositeMaterialsCancersTheRoleofMacrophesinSarcomaTumorMicroenvironmentandTreatmentRecentArticles 17pes,4672KiB OpenAccessReviewTheRoleofPhytonutrientKaempferolinthePreventionofGastrointestinalCancers:RecentTrendsandFuturePerspectivesbyTejveerSingh,DeepikaSharma,RishabhSharma,HardeepSinghTuli,ShafiulHaque,SeemaRamniwas,DarinMansorMathkorandVikasYadCancers2024,16(9),1711;doi.org/10.3390/cancers(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractInrecentyears,kaempferol,anaturalflonoidpresentinvariousfruitsandvegetables,hasreceivedsignificantattentioningastrointestinalcancerresearchduetoitsvariedtherapeuticeffects.Kaempferolhasbeenproventoalterseveralmolecularmechanismsandpathways,suchasthePI3/Akt,mTOR,[...]Readmore.Inrecentyears,kaempferol,anaturalflonoidpresentinvariousfruitsandvegetables,hasreceivedsignificantattentioningastrointestinalcancerresearchduetoitsvariedtherapeuticeffects.Kaempferolhasbeenproventoalterseveralmolecularmechanismsandpathways,suchasthePI3/Akt,mTOR,andErk/MAPKpathwayinvolvedincancerprogression,showingitsinhibitoryeffectsoncellproliferation,survival,angiogenesis,metastasis,andmigration.Kaempferolisprocessedintheliverandsmallintestine,butlimitedbioailabilityhasbeenamajorconcernintheclinicalimplicationsofkaempferol.Nanoformulationshebeenproventoenhancekaempferol’sefficacyincancerprevention.Thesynergyofnanotechnologyandkaempferolhasshownpromisingresultsininvitrostudies,highlightingtheimportanceformoreinvivoresearchandclinicaltrialstodeterminesafetyandefficacy.Thisreviewaimstofocusontheroleofkaempferolinvarioustypesofgastrointestinalcancerandhowthecombinationofkaempferolwithnanotechnologyhelpsinimprovingtherapeuticefficacyincancertreatment.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueAdvancesinEsophogastricCancer)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1Figure2---Figure3---Figure4attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,206KiB)16pes,1764KiB OpenAccessArticleUtilityofClinicalNextGenerationSequencingTestsinKIT/PDGFRA/SDHWild-TypeGastrointestinalStromalTumorsbyRyanA.Denu,CissimolP.Joseph,ElizabethS.Urquiola,PreciousS.Byrd,RichardK.Yang,RinRatan,MariaAlejandraZarzour,AnthonyP.Conley,DejkaM.Araujo,VinodRi,EliseF.NassifHaddad,MichaelS.Nakazawa,ShreyaskumarPatel,Wei-LienWang,AlexanderJ.LazarandNeetaSomaiahCancers2024,16(9),1707;doi.org/10.3390/cancers(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractObjective:Thevastmajorityofgastrointestinalstromaltumors(GISTs)aredrivenbyactivatingmutationsinKIT,PDGFRA,orcomponentsofthesuccinatedehydrogenase(SDH)complex(SDHA,SDHB,SDHC,andSDHDgenes).AsmallfractionofGISTslack[...]Readmore.Objective:Thevastmajorityofgastrointestinalstromaltumors(GISTs)aredrivenbyactivatingmutationsinKIT,PDGFRA,orcomponentsofthesuccinatedehydrogenase(SDH)complex(SDHA,SDHB,SDHC,andSDHDgenes).AsmallfractionofGISTslackalterationsinKIT,PDGFRA,andSDH.Weaimedtofurthercharacterizetheclinicalandgenomiccharacteristicsoftheseso-called“triple-negative”GISTs.Methods:WeextractedclinicalandgenomicdatafrompatientsseenatMDAndersonCancerCenterwithadinosisofGISTandailableclinicalnextgenerationsequencingdatatoidentify“triple-negative”patients.Results:Ofthe20patientsidentified,11(55.0%)hadgastric,8(40.0%)hadsmallintestinal,and1(5.0%)hadrectalprimarysites.Intotal,18patients(90.0%)eventuallydevelopedrecurrentormetastaticdisease,and8ofthesepresentedwithdenovometastaticdisease.Forthe13patientswithevaluableresponsetoimatinib(e.g.,neoadjuvanttreatmentorforrecurrent/metastaticdisease),themedianPFSwithimatinibwas4.4months(range0.5–191.8months).Outcomesvariedwidely,assomepatientsrapidlydevelopedprogressivediseasewhileothershadmoreindolentdisease.Regardingpotentialgenomicdrivers,fourpatientswerefoundtohealterationsintheRAS/RAF/MAPKpathway:twowithaBRAFV600EmutationandtwowithNF1loss-of-function(LOF)mutations(onedeletionandonesplicesitemutation).Inaddition,weidentifiedtwowithTP53LOFmutations,onewithNTRK3fusion(ETV6-NTRK3),onewithPTENdeletion,onewithFGFR1gain-of-function(GOF)mutation(K654E),onewithCHEK2LOFmutation(T367fs*),onewithAurorakinaseAfusion(AURKA-CSTF1),andonewithFANCAdeletion.Patientshadbetterresponseswithmolecularlytargetedtherapiesthanwithimatinib.Conclusions:Triple-negativeGISTscompriseadiversecohortwithdifferentdrivermutations.ComparedtoKIT/PDGFRA-mutantGIST,limitedbenefitwasobservedwithimatinibintriple-negativeGIST.Indepthmolecularprofilingcanbehelpfulinidentifyingdrivermutationsandguidingtherapy.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueGenomeSequencingofCancer:IdentifyingTargetsandBiomarkersforTherapy)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1Figure2---Figure3---Figure4attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,1968KiB)16pes,4170KiB OpenAccessArticleShort-andLong-TermEffectsofSubchronicStressExposureinMaleandFemaleBrain-DerivedNeurotrophicFactorKnock-InVal66MetMicebyFernandoAntonioCostaXier,SilviaStellaBarbieri,MaurizioPopoliandAlessandroIeraciBiology2024,13(5),303;doi.org/10.3390/biology(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractStressisanimportantriskfactorfortheonsetofanxietyanddepression.Theabilitytocopewithstressfuleventsvariesamongdifferentsubjects,probablydependingondifferentgeneticvariants,sexandpreviouslifeexperiences.TheVal66MetvariantofBrain-DerivedNeurotrophicFactor(BDNF),[...]Readmore.Stressisanimportantriskfactorfortheonsetofanxietyanddepression.Theabilitytocopewithstressfuleventsvariesamongdifferentsubjects,probablydependingondifferentgeneticvariants,sexandpreviouslifeexperiences.TheVal66MetvariantofBrain-DerivedNeurotrophicFactor(BDNF),whichimpairstheactivity-dependentsecretionofBDNF,hasbeenassociatedwithincreasedsusceptibilitytothedevelopmentofvariousneuropsychiatricdisorders.Adultmaleandfemalewild-typeVal/Val(BDNFV/V)andheterozygousVal/Met(BDNFV/M)micewereexposedtotwosessionsofforcedswimmingstress(FSS)perdayfortwoconsecutivedays.Themicewerebehiorallytested1day(short-termeffect)or11days(long-termeffect)afterthelaststresssession.ProteinandmRNAlevelsweremeasuredinthehippocampus16daysaftertheendofstressexposure.Stressedmiceshowedahigheranxiety-likephenotypecomparedtonon-stressedmice,regardlessofthesexandgenotype,whenanalyzedfollowingtheshortperiodofstress.Intheprolongedperiod,anxiety-likebehiorpersistedonlyinmaleBDNFV/Mmice(p<0.0001).Interestingly,recoveryinmaleBDNFV/VmicewasaccompaniedbyanincreaseinpCREB(p<0.001)andBdnf4(p<0.01)transcriptandadecreaseinHDAC1(p<0.05)andDnmt3a(p=0.01)inthehippocampus.Overall,ourresultsshowthatmaleandfemaleBDNFVal66Metknock-inmicecanrecoverfromsubchronicstressindifferentways.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueRolesandFunctionsofNeurotrophinsandTheirReceptorsintheBrain)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,120KiB)13pes,2391KiB OpenAccessArticleComparisonofInter-MethodreementandReliabilityforAutomaticBrainVolumetryUsingThreeDifferentClinicallyailableSoftwarePackesbyKwangHoChoi,YoungJinHeo,HyeJinBaek,Jun-HoKimandJeongYoonJangMedicina2024,60(5),727;doi.org/10.3390/medicina(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractBackgroundandObjectives:Nocomparativestudyhasevaluatedtheinter-methodreementandreliabilitybetweenHeuronADandotherclinicallyailablebrainvolumetricsoftwarepackes.Hence,weaimedtoinvestigatetheinter-methodreementandreliabilityofthreeclinicallyailablebrainvolumetricsoftwarepackes:FreeSurfer[...]Readmore.BackgroundandObjectives:Nocomparativestudyhasevaluatedtheinter-methodreementandreliabilitybetweenHeuronADandotherclinicallyailablebrainvolumetricsoftwarepackes.Hence,weaimedtoinvestigatetheinter-methodreementandreliabilityofthreeclinicallyailablebrainvolumetricsoftwarepackes:FreeSurfer(FS),NeuroQuant®(NQ),andHeuronAD(HAD).MaterialsandMethods:Inthisstudy,weretrospectivelyincluded78patientswhounderwentconventionalthree-dimensional(3D)T1-weighediming(T1WI)toevaluatetheirmemoryimpairment,including21withnormalobjectivecognitivefunction,24withmildcognitiveimpairment,and33withAlzheimer’sdisease(AD).All3DT1WIscanswereanalyzedusingthreedifferentvolumetricsoftwarepackes.Repeated-measuresanalysisofvariance,intraclasscorrelationcoefficient,effectsizemeasurements,andBland–Altmananalysiswereusedtoevaluatetheinter-methodreementandreliability.Results:Themeasuredvolumesdemonstratedsubstantialtoalmostperfectreementformostbrainregionsbilaterally,exceptforthebilateralglobipallidi.However,thevolumesmeasuredusingthethreesoftwarepackesshowedsignificantmeandifferencesformostbrainregions,withconsistentsystematicbiasesandwidelimitsofreementintheBland–Altmananalyses.ThepallidumshowedthelargesteffectsizeinthecomparisonsbetweenNQandFS(5.20–6.93)andbetweenNQandHAD(2.01–6.17),whilethecorticalgraymattershowedthelargesteffectsizeinthecomparisonsbetweenFSandHAD(0.79–1.91).Thesedifferencesandvariationsbetweenthesoftwarepackeswerealsoobservedinthesubsetanalysesof45patientswithoutADand33patientswithAD.Conclusions:Despitetheirforablereliability,thesoftware-basedbrainvolumemeasurementsshowedsignificantdifferencesandsystematicbiasesinmostregions.Thus,thesevolumetricmeasurementsshouldbeinterpretedbasedonthetypeofvolumetricsoftwareused,particularlyforsmallerstructures.Moreover,usersshouldconsiderthereplaceability-relatedlimitationswhenusingthesepackesinreal-worldpractice.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionNeurology)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,653KiB)15pes,2045KiB OpenAccessArticleCombiningtheBenefitsofBiotin–StreptidinAptamerImmobilizationwiththeVersatilityofNi-NTARegenerationStrategiesforSPRbyElizaK.HansonandRebeccaJ.WhelanSensors2024,24(9),2805;doi.org/10.3390/s(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractThehighaffinityofthebiotin–streptidininteractionhasmadethisnon-covalentcouplinganindispensablestrategyfortheimmobilizationandenrichmentofbiomolecularaffinityreents.However,theirreversiblenatureofthebiotin–streptidinbondrenderssurfacesfunctionalizedusingthisstrategypermanentlymodifiedandnotamenable[...]Readmore.Thehighaffinityofthebiotin–streptidininteractionhasmadethisnon-covalentcouplinganindispensablestrategyfortheimmobilizationandenrichmentofbiomolecularaffinityreents.However,theirreversiblenatureofthebiotin–streptidinbondrenderssurfacesfunctionalizedusingthisstrategypermanentlymodifiedandnotamenabletoregenerationstrategiesthatcouldincreaseassayreusabilityandthroughput.Toincreasetheutilityofbiotinylatedtargets,wehereintroduceamethodforreversiblyimmobilizingbiotinylatedthrombin-bindingaptamersontoaNi-nitrilotriaceticacid(Ni-NTA)sensorchipusing6xHis-tgedstreptidinasaregenerablecaptureligand.Thisapproachenabledthereproducibleimmobilizationofaptamersandmeasurementsofaptamer–proteininteractioninasurfaceplasmonresonanceassay.Theimmobilizedaptamersurfacewasstableduringfiveexperimentsovertwodays,despitethereversibleattachmentof6xHis-streptidintotheNi-NTAsurface.Inaddition,wedemonstratethereproducibilityofthisimmobilizationmethodandtheaffinityassaysperformedusingit.Finally,weverifythespecificityofthebiotint–streptidininteractionandassesstheefficiencyofastraightforwardmethodtoregenerateandreusethesurface.Themethoddescribedherewillallowresearcherstoleveretheversatilityandstabilityofthebiotin–streptidininteractionwhileincreasingthroughputandimprovingassayefficiency.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueSurfacePlasmonResonance-BasedBiosensor)16pes,1679KiB OpenAccessArticleMulti-ObjectiveOptimizationin3DFloorplanningbyZhongjieJiang,ZhiqiangLiandZhenjieYaoElectronics2024,13(9),1696;doi.org/10.3390/electronics(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractThree-dimensionalintegratedcircuitscansignificantlymitigatethechallengesposedbyshrinkingfeaturesizesandenableheterogeneousintegration.Thispaperfocusesonthe3Dfloorplanningproblem.Weformulateitasamulti-objectiveoptimizationissueandemploymulti-objectivesimulatedannealingtosimultaneouslyoptimizearea,wirelength[...]Readmore.Three-dimensionalintegratedcircuitscansignificantlymitigatethechallengesposedbyshrinkingfeaturesizesandenableheterogeneousintegration.Thispaperfocusesonthe3Dfloorplanningproblem.Weformulateitasamulti-objectiveoptimizationissueandemploymulti-objectivesimulatedannealingtosimultaneouslyoptimizearea,wirelengthandnumberofvias.Duringtheoptimizationprocess,neighboringsolutionsareexploredinthedesignspacethroughinter-layerorintra-layerperturbations,anddecisioncriteriafortheexplorationprocessareformulatedbasedonthedominancerelationshipofsolutions.TestresultsontheGSRCbenchmarkdemonstratethatourapproachdeliverssuperiorperformanceinoptimizingareaandwirelength.Comparedto2Dfloorplanning,ourmethodreducestheareabyapproximately49%andthewirelengthby21%.Comparedtoothersimilar3Dfloorplanningmethods,weraisethesuccessrateinsatisfyingthefixed-outlineconstraintto100%andimprovethewirelengthby3%.Themulti-objectivesimulatedannealingmethodproposedinthispapercaneffectivelyaddressthe3Dfloorplanningproblem.Fullarticle9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1Figure2---Figure3---Figure4---Figure5---Figure6---Figure7---Figure813pes,1613KiB OpenAccessArticleOnlineDetectionofHydrogenFluorideunderCoronaDischargeinGas-InsulatedSwitchgearBasedonPhotoacousticSpectroscopybyLiujieWan,XiaoheZhaoandKangLiSensors2024,24(9),2806;doi.org/10.3390/s(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractInternaldischargeandoverheatingfaultsinsulfurhexafluoride(SF6)gas-insulatedelectricalequipmentwillgenerateaseriesofcharacteristicgasproducts.Hydrogenfluoride(HF)isoneofthemaindecompositiongasesunderdischargefailure.Becauseofitsextremelycorrosivenature,itcan[...]Readmore.Internaldischargeandoverheatingfaultsinsulfurhexafluoride(SF6)gas-insulatedelectricalequipmentwillgenerateaseriesofcharacteristicgasproducts.Hydrogenfluoride(HF)isoneofthemaindecompositiongasesunderdischargefailure.Becauseofitsextremelycorrosivenature,itcanreactwithothermaterialsingas-insulatedswitchgear(GIS),resultinginashortexistencetime,soitneedstobedetectedonline.Resonantgasphotoacousticspectroscopyhastheadvanteofhighsensitivity,fastresponse,andnosamplegasconsumption,andcanbeusedfortheonlinedetectionofflowinggas.Inthispaper,asimulatedGIScoronadischargeexperimentalplatformwasbuilt,andtheHFgeneratedinthedischargewasdetectedonlinebygasphotoacousticspectroscopy.TheabsorptionpeakofHFmoleculenear1312.59nmwasselectedastheabsorptionspectralline,andaresonantphotoacousticcellwasdesigned.ToimprovethedetectionsensitivityofHF,welengthmodulationandsecond-harmonicdetectiontechnologywereused.TheonlinemonitoringofHFinthesimulatedGIScoronadischargefaultwassuccessfullyrealized.TheexperimentalresultsshowthatthesensitivityofthedesignedphotoacousticspectroscopydetectionsystemforHFis0.445μV/(μL/L),andthelimitofdetection(LOD)is0.611μL/L.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssuePhotoacousticSensorsandDevicesforGasDetection)31pes,1378KiB OpenAccessArticleE-commerceParticipation,SubjectiveNormsandGrasslandUtilizationPressure:AnEmpiricalEvidenceofHerdsmeninInnerMongolia,ChinabyMingjunTianandYunhuaWuriculture2024,14(5),690;doi.org/10.3390/riculture(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractThegeneralrequirementsofChina’sruralrevitalizationstrategyareindustrialprosperity,ecologicallivabilityandrichlife.However,thetraditionallivestockbreedingmodelhasstruggledtobalancethedualrequirementsofproductiondevelopmentandecologicalprotection,anditisurgenttoinjectnewimpetus[...]Readmore.ThegeneralrequirementsofChina’sruralrevitalizationstrategyareindustrialprosperity,ecologicallivabilityandrichlife.However,thetraditionallivestockbreedingmodelhasstruggledtobalancethedualrequirementsofproductiondevelopmentandecologicalprotection,anditisurgenttoinjectnewimpetusandexplorenewdevelopmentpaths.Atpresent,e-commercehasbecomeabridgebetweenpastoralareasandcities,herdsmenandconsumers.E-commerceparticipationisnotonlyanimportantstartingpointforherdsmentoincreasetheaddedvalueandprofitspaceoflivestockproducts,butalsoaneffectivewaytochangetheoriginalbreedingbehiorbasedonthepremiseofdestroyinggrassland.Therefore,thispaperpresentsanin-depthstudyontheissueofe-commerceenablinggrasslandecologicalrestoration,aimingtoprovidemorescientificandeffectiveguidancefore-commercetobeusedtoachieveawin–winsituationineconomyandecology.Therefore,basedonthedataof271herdsmeninpastoralareasofInnerMongolia,weusedtheOLSmodelandthetwo-steleastsquares(2SLS)methodtoidentifythedirectimpactofherdsmen’se-commerceparticipationongrasslandutilizationpressure.Theempiricalresultsshowthate-commerceparticipationcansignificantlydecreasethegrasslandutilizationpressure.Theconclusionwasstillvalidafteralleviatingendogeneityandconductingarobustnesstest.Theresultsofamechanismanalysissuggestthatthereductioneffectofe-commerceparticipationongrasslandutilizationpressureismainlyduetopriceincentive,reputationincentiveandplaceidentity.Subjectivenormscanstrengthentheinhibitoryeffectofe-commerceparticipationongrasslandutilizationpressure.Furthermore,aheterogeneityanalysisdemonstratesthate-commerceparticipationhasabetter,decreasedimpactonthegrasslandutilizationpressureonthebannersofChina’srurale-commercedemonstrationcountyprogram.Underacounterfactualassumption,ifherdsmenwhocanparticipateine-commercechoosenottodothis,theirgrasslandutilizationpressurewillincrease.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheTopicNovelStudiesinriculturalEconomicsandSustainableFarmManement)16pes,1207KiB OpenAccessArticleAcuteEffectsofCombiningWeightandElasticResistanceExerciseonVascularFunctioninOlderAdultsbyKampanartPaditsaereeandWitidMitranunGeriatrics2024,9(3),56;doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractPriorresearchhassuggestedthatresistanceexercisemayresultinatemporarydecreaseinvascularfunction,asmeasuredbyflow-mediateddilation(FMD),amonguntrainedyoungindividuals.However,theimmediateimpactofcombinedelasticandweightresistancetrainingonolderadultsremainsinsufficientlyexplored.[...]Readmore.Priorresearchhassuggestedthatresistanceexercisemayresultinatemporarydecreaseinvascularfunction,asmeasuredbyflow-mediateddilation(FMD),amonguntrainedyoungindividuals.However,theimmediateimpactofcombinedelasticandweightresistancetrainingonolderadultsremainsinsufficientlyexplored.Weassessedvascularfunctionbefore,after,and30minafteracuteexerciseunderthreeresistanceconditionstoevaluatewhetheracombinationofweightandelasticresistanceexerciseshasanacuteeffectonvascularfunctioninolderadults.Fourteenolderadults(65.6±2.9years)executedthreesetsof12repetitionsat65%ofonerepetitionmaximum(1RM)ofthebenchpress(BP)exercise.Testingwasperformedonthreeseparatedaysasfollows:(1)barbellalone(BA);(2)barbellpluselasticbands(10%of65%1RM)(BE10);and(3)barbellpluselasticbands(20%of65%1RM)(BE20).Atwo-way(time×condition)repeatedmeasuresanalysisofvariancewasemployedtoassessthetimeandconditioneffectsonflow-mediateddilation(FMD)andpulsewevelocity(PWV).At0minpost-exercise,FMDwassignificantlyhigherduringBE10thanduringBA(p<0.05);however,at30minpost-exercise,nosignificantdifference(p≥0.05)wasobservedbetweenthethreeconditions.Ineachcondition,FMDresultsdidnotdiffersignificantlyatdifferenttimes(p≥0.05).ForFMD,themaineffectofthecondition(F[2,26]=3.86,p=0.034)andthatofthetimeandcondition(F[4,52]=3.66,p=0.011)weresignificant.ForPWV,onlythedifferencebetweentheBAandBE10conditionswassignificantat0min(p<0.05).PWVincreasedfrombaselineintheBAcondition(p<0.05)butnotsignificantlyintheBE10andBE20conditions(p≥0.05).Therefore,BA,BE10,andBE20demonstratedvariouschangesinvascularfunction.Long-termtraininginterventionstudiesareneededtovalidatethesefindings.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheTopicPreventingandManingSarcopeniainOlderAdultsthroughPhysicalActivity,ExerciseandNutritionInterventionsandApproaches)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1Figure2---Figure3---Figure4attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,107KiB)15pes,764KiB OpenAccessReviewTheRoleofStructuralVariantsintheGeneticArchitectureofParkinson’sDiseasebyAbigailMiano-Burkhardt,PilarAlvarezJerez,KensukeDaida,SaraBandresCigaandKimberleyJ.BillingsleyInt.J.Mol.Sci.2024,25(9),4801;doi.org/10.3390/ijms(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractParkinson’sdisease(PD)significantlyimpactsmillionsofindividualsworldwide.AlthoughourunderstandingofthegeneticfoundationsofPDhasadvanced,asubstantialportionofthegeneticvariationcontributingtodiseaseriskremainsunknown.CurrentPDgeneticstudiesheprimarilyfocusedononeform[...]Readmore.Parkinson’sdisease(PD)significantlyimpactsmillionsofindividualsworldwide.AlthoughourunderstandingofthegeneticfoundationsofPDhasadvanced,asubstantialportionofthegeneticvariationcontributingtodiseaseriskremainsunknown.CurrentPDgeneticstudiesheprimarilyfocusedononeformofgeneticvariation,singlenucleotidevariants(SNVs),whileotherimportantformsofgeneticvariation,suchasstructuralvariants(SVs),aremostlyignoredduetothecomplexityofdetectingthesevariantswithtraditionalsequencingmethods.Yet,theseformsofgeneticvariationplaycrucialrolesingeneexpressionandregulationinthehumanbrainandarecausativeofnumerousneurologicaldisorders,includingformsofPD.ThisreviewaimstoprovideacomprehensiveoverviewofourcurrentunderstandingoftheinvolvementofcodingandnoncodingSVsinthegeneticarchitectureofPD.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueUnderstandingtheRoleofNon-codingDNAinNeurodegenerativeDisease)22pes,992KiB OpenAccessReviewExploringElectricalNeuromodulationasanAlternativeTherapeuticApproachinInflammatoryBowelDiseasesbySuofeiyaDilixiati,JiaxiYan,DeQingzhuoga,GengqingSongandLeiTuMedicina2024,60(5),729;doi.org/10.3390/medicina(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractBackgroundandObjectives:Thisreviewsystematicallyevaluatesthepotentialofelectricalneuromodulationtechniques—vusnervestimulation(VNS),sacralnervestimulation(SNS),andtibialnervestimulation(TNS)—asalternativetreatmentsforinflammatoryboweldisease(IBD),includingulcerativecolitis(UC)andCrohn’sDisease(CD).Itaims[...]Readmore.BackgroundandObjectives:Thisreviewsystematicallyevaluatesthepotentialofelectricalneuromodulationtechniques—vusnervestimulation(VNS),sacralnervestimulation(SNS),andtibialnervestimulation(TNS)—asalternativetreatmentsforinflammatoryboweldisease(IBD),includingulcerativecolitis(UC)andCrohn’sDisease(CD).Itaimstosynthesizecurrentevidenceontheefficacyandsafetyofthesemodalities,addressingthesignificantburdenofIBDonpatientqualityoflifeandthelimitationsofexistingpharmacologicaltherapies.MaterialsandMethods:WeconductedacomprehensiveanalysisofstudiesfromPubMed,focusingonresearchpublishedbetween1978and2024.Thereviewincludedanimalmodelsandclinicaltrialsinvestigatingthemechanisms,effectiveness,andsafetyofVNS,SNS,andTNSinIBDmanement.SpecialattentionwasgiventothemodulationofinflammatoryresponsesanditsimpactongastrointestinalmotilityandfunctionalgastrointestinaldisordersassociatedwithIBD.Results:PreliminaryfindingssuggestthatVNS,SNS,andTNScansignificantlyreduceinflammatorymarkersandimprovesymptomsinIBDpatients.ThesetechniquesalsoshowpotentialintreatingrelatedgastrointestinaldisordersduringIBDremissionphases.However,thespecificmechanismsunderlyingthesebenefitsremaintobefullyelucidated,andthereisconsiderablevariabilityintreatmentparameters.Conclusions:ElectricalneuromodulationholdspromiseasanoveltherapeuticenueforIBD,offeringanalternativetopatientswhodonotrespondtotraditionaltreatmentsorexperienceadverseeffects.Thereviewhighlightstheneedforfurtherrigorousstudiestooptimizestimulationparameters,understandlong-termoutcomes,andintegrateneuromodulationeffectivelyintoIBDtreatmentprotocols.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionGastroenterology&Hepatology)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,238KiB)17pes,4775KiB OpenAccessArticleAltitudinalVariationinSpeciesDiversity,Distribution,andRegenerationStatusofaSecondaryPiceaForestinGuandiMountain,NorthernChinabyMengtaoZhang,ZhuoyueLiu,ZhaohuiYang,HuanhuanShen,JinWangandXiaogangWuForests2024,15(5),771;doi.org/10.3390/f(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractAltitudeplaysacrucialroleinshapingthediversityanddistributionofspeciesinforestlandscapesinmountainousregions.However,existingstudiesoftenlackcomprehensiveanalysisoftheintricaterelationshipsamongenvironmentalfactors,disturbances,andspeciesdiversity.Thisstudyaimstoaddressthis[...]Readmore.Altitudeplaysacrucialroleinshapingthediversityanddistributionofspeciesinforestlandscapesinmountainousregions.However,existingstudiesoftenlackcomprehensiveanalysisoftheintricaterelationshipsamongenvironmentalfactors,disturbances,andspeciesdiversity.Thisstudyaimstoaddressthisgapbythoroughlyanalyzingmajorspecies’diversity,distribution,andregenerationstatus,alongwiththeirinfluencingfactors,acrossdifferentaltitudinalgradients(1850to2350m).FieldsurveyswereconductedtoexaminethemajorspeciesindifferentvegetationlayersofthesecondaryPiceaforestinGuandiMountain.Thekeyfindingsfromthestudyincludethefollowing:(1)thestudyarearecordedatotalofninespeciesofadulttrees,belongingtoeightgenerainfivefamilies,fourteenspeciesofshrubsfromeightgenerainfivefamilies,andfifty-twoherbspeciesrepresentingforty-eightgeneraintwenty-sixfamilies.Dominantspeciesvariedacrosslayers,withPiceaasperataMast.andLarixprincipis-rupprechtiiMayr.dominatingthearborouslayer,LoniceraferdinandiiFranch.andCotoneasteracutifoliusTurcz.intheshrublayer,andPoapratensisL.andDuchesneaindica(Andrews.)Fockeintheherblayer.(2)Altitudesignificantlyinfluencedspeciesdiversity,withthemostpronouncedeffectsobservedintheshrubandherblayers.(3)Treespeciesregenerationvariedwithaltitude,withPiceaasperataexhibitingthehighestregenerationperformance,particularlyinthehigh-altitudezone(2250–2350m).Regenerationparametersweresignificantlycorrelatedwithspeciesdiversityindicesinbothtreeandshrublayers.(4)Redundancyanalysisrevealedthat,apartfromaltitude,cutting(p=0.015)influencedthespeciesdiversityofthetreelayer,whileannualprecipitation(p=0.006)andtemperature(p=0.01)determinedthediversityoftheshrublayer.Grazing(p=0.042)wasidentifiedasadeterminingfactorforspeciesdiversityintheherblayer.Overall,thesefindingsprovidevaluableinsightsintothesustainablemanementofforestecosystemsinthestudyareaandofferpracticalguidanceforforestmanementinsimilarmountainouslandscapesworldwide.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueEcologicalDynamicsofTropicalForests:Structure,SpeciesRichnessandRegeneration)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,KiB)15pes,3402KiB OpenAccessArticleFluorescentα-Conotoxin[Q1G,ΔR14]LvIBIdentifiestheDistributionofα7NicotinicAcetylcholineReceptorintheRatBrainbyHongyuShan,NanWang,XinyuGao,ZihanWang,JinpengYu,DongtingZhangsun,XiaopengZhuandSulanLuoMar.Drugs2024,22(5),200;doi.org/10.3390/md(registering DOI)-27Apr2024Abstractα7nicotinicacetylcholinereceptors(nAChRs)aremainlydistributedinthecentralnervoussystem(CNS),includingthehippocampus,striatum,andcortexofthebrain.Theα7nAChRhashighCa2+permeabilityandcanbequicklyactivatedanddesensitized,andiscloselyrelatedto[...]Readmore.α7nicotinicacetylcholinereceptors(nAChRs)aremainlydistributedinthecentralnervoussystem(CNS),includingthehippocampus,striatum,andcortexofthebrain.Theα7nAChRhashighCa2+permeabilityandcanbequicklyactivatedanddesensitized,andiscloselyrelatedtoAlzheimer’sdisease(AD),epilepsy,schizophrenia,lungcancer,Parkinson’sdisease(PD),inflammation,andotherdiseases.α-conotoxinsfrommarineconesnailvenomaretypicallyshort,disulfide-richneuropeptidestargetingnAChRsandcandistinguishvarioussubtypes,providingvitalpharmacologicaltoolsforthefunctionalresearchofnAChRs.[Q1G,ΔR14]LvΙBisaratα7nAChRsselectiveantonist,modifiedfromα-conotoxinLvΙB.Inthisstudy,weutilizedthreetypesoffluoresceinafterN-Hydroxysuccinimide(NHS)activationtreatment:6-TAMRA-SE,Cy3NHS,andBODIPY-FLNHS,labelingtheN-Terminalof[Q1G,ΔR14]LvΙBunderweakalkalineconditions,obtainingthreefluorescentanalogs:LvIB-R,LvIB-C,andLvIB-B,respectively.Thepotencyof[Q1G,ΔR14]LvΙBfluorescentanalogswasevaluatedatratα7nAChRsexpressedinXenopuslaevisoocytes.Usingatwo-electrodevolteclamp(TEVC),thehalf-maximalinhibitoryconcentration(IC50)valuesofLvIB-R,LvIB-C,andLvIB-Bwere643.3nM,298.0nM,and186.9nM,respectively.Thestabilityofcerebrospinalfluidanalysisshowedthatafterincubationfor12h,theretentionratesofthethreefluorescentanalogswere52.2%,22.1%,and0%,respectively.[Q1G,ΔR14]LvΙBfluorescentanalogswereappliedtoexplorethedistributionofα7nAChRsinthehippocampusandstriatumofratbraintissueanditwasfoundthatCy3-andBODIPYFL-labeled[Q1G,ΔR14]LvΙBexhibitedbetterimingcharacteristicsthan6-TAMARA-.Itwasalsofoundthatα7nAChRsarewidelydistributedinthecerebralcortexandcerebellarlobules.Takingintoaccountpotency,iming,andstability,[Q1G,ΔR14]LvΙB-BODIPYFLisanidealpharmacologicaltooltoinvestigatethetissuedistributionandfunctionofα7nAChRs.Ourfindingsnotonlyprovideafoundationforthedevelopmentofconotoxinsasvisualpharmacologicalprobes,butalsodemonstratethedistributionofα7nAChRsintheratbrain.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionMarineToxins)9658;9660;ShowFiguresGraphicalabstractFigure1---Figure2---Figure3---Figure4---Figure5---Figure6---Figure712pes,475KiB OpenAccessArticleAssessingtheInterpretationofMolecularTestResultsintheDinosisofBloodstreamInfectionsbyNataliaSłabisz,PatrycjaLeśnik,KatarzynaŻybura-Wszoła,RuthDudek-Wicher,UrszulaNawrotandJacekMajdaDinostics2024,14(9),915;doi.org/10.3390/dinostics(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractAretrospectivestudyatthe4thMilitaryClinicalHospitalinWroclaw,Poland,assessedPCRtestingalongsidebloodculturestoguideantimicrobialtherapydecisionsinhospitalizedpatients,todeterminehowmuchtimetheresultsofthemoleculartestsprecededconventionalmethods.Among118patients,[...]Readmore.Aretrospectivestudyatthe4thMilitaryClinicalHospitalinWroclaw,Poland,assessedPCRtestingalongsidebloodculturestoguideantimicrobialtherapydecisionsinhospitalizedpatients,todeterminehowmuchtimetheresultsofthemoleculartestsprecededconventionalmethods.Among118patients,Staphylococcusaureus(37%)andEscherichiacoli(21%)werethemostcommonbloodstreaminfectionents.BloodculturesutilizedtheBacT/ALERT3Dsystem,andmoleculardinosticswereconductedusingtheFilmArrayplatformwiththeBIOFIREBCID2panel.Methicillinsusceptibilitywasobservedin66%ofS.aureusstrains,while26%ofGram-negativebacilliexhibitedanESBLphenotype.TherapeuticdecisionsbasedonmoleculartestresultswereoftenincorrectforS.aureusinfections,particularlyMSSA(64.5%),butgenerallyaccurateforGram-negativebacilli.ThemediantimesfrompositivebloodculturetoBCID2andpathogenidentification/susceptibilitywere10hand52h,respectively.Moleculardinosticsfacilitatedfasterinitiationofappropriateantibiotictherapy,highlightingtheneedtoeducatemedicalstaffonproperinterpretation.Consultingwithinanantimicrobialstewardshipprogram(ASP)couldenhancethebenefitsofimplementingmolecularmethodsinbloodstreaminfectiondinostics.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionDinosticMicrobiologyandInfectiousDisease)17pes,3531KiB OpenAccessArticleAdjointSolver-BasedAnalysisofMouth–TongueMorphologiesonVaporDepositionintheUpperAirwaybyMohamedTalaat,XiuhuaSiandJinxiangXiFluids2024,9(5),104;doi.org/10.3390/fluids(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractEventhoughinhalationdosimetryisdeterminedbythreefactors(i.e.,breathing,aerosols,andtherespiratorytract),thefirsttwocategorieshebeenmorewidelystudiedthanthelast.Bothbreathingandaerosolsarequantitativevariablesthatcanbeeasilychanged,whilerespiratoryairway[...]Readmore.Eventhoughinhalationdosimetryisdeterminedbythreefactors(i.e.,breathing,aerosols,andtherespiratorytract),thefirsttwocategorieshebeenmorewidelystudiedthanthelast.Bothbreathingandaerosolsarequantitativevariablesthatcanbeeasilychanged,whilerespiratoryairwaymorphologiesaredifficulttoreconstruct,modify,andquantify.Althoughseveralmethodsareailableformodelreconstructionandmodification,developingananatomicallyaccurateairwaymodelandmorphingittovariousphysiologicalconditionsremainslabor-intensiveandtechnicallychallenging.Theobjectiveofthisstudyistoexplorethefeasibilityofusinganadjoint–CFDmodeltounderstandairwayshapeeffectsonvapordepositionandcontrolvaporfluxintothelung.Amouth–throatmodelwasused,withtheshapeofthemouthandtonguebeingautomaticallyvariedviaadjointmorphingandthevaportransportbeingsimulatedusingANSYSFluentcoupledwithawallabsorptionmodel.Twochemicalswithvaryingadsorptionrates,AcetaldehydeandBenzene,wereconsidered,whichexhibitedlargedifferencesindosimetrysensitivitytoairwayshapes.Forbothchemicals,themaximalpossiblemorphingwasfirstidentifiedandthenmorphologyparametricstudieswereconducted.Resultsshowthatchangingthemouth–tongueshapecanaltertheoralfiltrationby3.2%forAcetaldehydeand0.27%forBenzeneunderagiveninhalationcondition.Thefronttongueexertsasignificantimpactonallcasesconsidered,whiletheimpactofotherregionsvariesamongcases.Thisstudydemonstratesthatthehybridadjoint–CFDapproachcanbeapracticalandefficientmethodtoinvestigatemorphology-associatedvariabilityinthedosimetryofvaporsandnanomedicinesundersteadyinhalation.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueAdvancesinHemodynamicsandRelatedBiologicalFlows)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,1614KiB)16pes,2565KiB OpenAccessFeaturePaperArticleSynthesisandCharacterizationofNovelCobaltCarbonylPhosphorusandArsenicClustersbyMehdiElsayedMoussa,SusanneBauer,ChristianGraßl,ChristophRiesinger,GáborBalázsandManfredScheerMolecules2024,29(9),2025;doi.org/10.3390/molecules(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractPhosphorus-andarsenic-containingcobaltclustersareaninterestingclassofcompoundsthatcontinuetoprovidenewstructureswithcaptivatingbondingpatterns.Althoughthefirstmembersofthisfamilywerereported45yearso,thenumberofsuchspeciesisstilllimitedwithinthe[...]Readmore.Phosphorus-andarsenic-containingcobaltclustersareaninterestingclassofcompoundsthatcontinuetoprovidenewstructureswithcaptivatingbondingpatterns.Althoughthefirstmembersofthisfamilywerereported45yearso,thenumberofsuchspeciesisstilllimitedwithinthebroadfamilyoftransitionmetalcomplexesbearingpnictogenatoms.Herein,wepresentthereactionofCo2(CO)8asacobaltsourcewithanumberofphosphorus-andarsenic-containingcompoundsundervariablereactionconditions.ThesereactionsresultinvariousknownandnovelcobaltphosphorusandcobaltarsenicclustersinwhichdifferentnuclearityratiosbetweenP/AsandCoexist.AllthoseclusterswerecharacterizedbyX-raystructuralanalysisandpartlybyIR,31P{1H}NMR,EI-MSandelementalanalysis.Thiscomprehensivestudyisthefirstdetailedstudyinthisfieldthatrevealstherichnessofcompoundsthatcouldbeobtainedonlybymodifyingtheratioofusedreactantsandtheinvolvedreactionconditions.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueMainGroupChemistry:FromSynthesistoApplications—InHonoroftheGreatContributionsofProf.J.DerekWoollins)9658;9660;ShowFiguresGraphicalabstract17pes,KiB OpenAccessReviewPlateletBiorheologyandMechanobiologyinThrombosisandHemostasis:PerspectivesfromMultiscaleComputationbyRukiyeTuna,WenjuanYi,EsmeraldaCrespoCruz,JPRomero,YiRen,JingjiaoGuan,YanLi,YuefanDeng,DannyBluestein,ZixiangLeonardoLiuandJawaadSheriffInt.J.Mol.Sci.2024,25(9),4800;doi.org/10.3390/ijms(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractThrombosisisthepathologicalclotformationunderabnormalhemodynamicconditions,whichcanresultinvascularobstruction,causingischemicstrokesandmyocardialinfarction.Thrombusgrowthundermoderatetolowshear(<1000s−1)reliesonplateletactivationandcoulation.Thrombosisatelevated[...]Readmore.Thrombosisisthepathologicalclotformationunderabnormalhemodynamicconditions,whichcanresultinvascularobstruction,causingischemicstrokesandmyocardialinfarction.Thrombusgrowthundermoderatetolowshear(<1000s−1)reliesonplateletactivationandcoulation.Thrombosisatelevatedhighshearrates(>10,000s−1)ispredominantlydrivenbyunactivatedplateletbindingandgregatingmediatedbyvonWillebrandfactor(VWF),whileplateletactivationandcoulationaresecondaryinsupportingandreinforcingthethrombus.Giventhemolecularandcellularlevelinformationitcanaccess,multiscalecomputationalmodelinginformedbybiologycanprovidenewpathophysiologicalmechanismsthatareotherwisenotaccessibleexperimentally,holdingpromisefornovelfirst-principle-basedtherapeutics.Inthisreview,wesummarizethekeyaspectsofplateletbiorheologyandmechanobiology,focusingonthemolecularandcellularscaleeventsandhowtheybuilduptothrombosisthroughplateletadhesionandgregationinthepresenceorabsenceofplateletactivation.Inparticular,wehighlightrecentadvancementsinmultiscalemodelingofplateletbiorheologyandmechanobiologyandhowtheycanleadtothebetterpredictionandquantificationofthrombusformation,exemplifyingtheexcitingparadigmofdigitalmedicine.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueTheRoleofPlateletsinDevelopmentandDisease:ThrombosisacrosstheLifespan)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,133KiB)28pes,5720KiB OpenAccessArticleVineCopula-BasedMultivariateDistributionofRainfallIntensity,WindSpeed,andWindDirectionforOptimizingQatariMeteorologicalStationsbyHassanQasem,Niels-ErikJoergensen,AtaurRahman,HusamAbdullahSamman,SharouqAlMalkiandAbdulrahmanSalehAlAnsariWater2024,16(9),1257;doi.org/10.3390/w(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractThisstudyemployscopulafunctionstoestablishthedependencystructureofthejointdistributionamongrainfallintensity,windspeed,andwinddirectioninQatar.BasedonaVineCopula,thetrivariatedistributionbetweenrainfallintensity,windspeed,andwinddirectionisfoundto[...]Readmore.Thisstudyemployscopulafunctionstoestablishthedependencystructureofthejointdistributionamongrainfallintensity,windspeed,andwinddirectioninQatar.BasedonaVineCopula,thetrivariatedistributionbetweenrainfallintensity,windspeed,andwinddirectionisfoundtoexhibitaroot-mean-squareerror(RMSE)of0.0072ontheobservedvs.modeledcumulativeprobabilitiesusingrankednormalizedobservations.ItisalsofoundthatthewinterShamalwindsaremostpronouncedduringrainfall.However,asecondarycomponentofeasterlywindsknownastheKauswindsisalsofoundtoexertanimportantinfluence.Thiswindpatternisobservableduringrainfallatalltheselectedstations,albeitwithminorvariations.Itisalsofoundthatrainfallstationswheretherainfallisobstructedinanywayfromnorthwesttonorthandfromeasttosoutheastsignificantlyinfluencetherainfallmeasurements.SpecificraingaugesinQatararefoundtobesituatedindisruptedsurroundings,suchasmeteorologicalstationsclosetopassingtraffic,whereroadspraycouldinfiltratetheraingaugefunnel,impactingtheaccuracyofrainfallmeasurements.Thestudyresultsnecessitatedtherelocationofapproximatelyhalfoftheseroadsidegaugestomitigatewind-inducedbiasesfromroadspray.Anevaluationofoperationsisrecommendedforapproximately80meteorologicalstationsresponsibleformeasuringrainfallinQatar.ThemethodologydevisedinthisstudyholdspotentialforapplicationtootherMiddleEasterncountriesandregionswithsimilarclimates.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionWaterandClimateChange)35pes,949KiB OpenAccessReviewFromEyeCaretoHairGrowth:BimatoprostbyMarcoZeppieri,CaterinaGliano,LeopoldoSpadea,CarloSalati,EkeleCalebChukwuyem,EhimareSamuelEnaholo,FabianaD’EspositoandMutaliMusaPharmaceuticals2024,17(5),561;doi.org/10.3390/ph(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractBackground:Bimatoprosthasemergedasasignificantmedicationinthefieldofmedicineoverthepastseveraldecades,withdiverseapplicationsinophthalmology,dermatology,andbeyond.Originallydevelopedasanocularhypotensiveent,ithasprovenhighlyeffectiveintreatingglaucomaandocular[...]Readmore.Background:Bimatoprosthasemergedasasignificantmedicationinthefieldofmedicineoverthepastseveraldecades,withdiverseapplicationsinophthalmology,dermatology,andbeyond.Originallydevelopedasanocularhypotensiveent,ithasprovenhighlyeffectiveintreatingglaucomaandocularhypertension.Itsabilitytoreduceintraocularpressurehasestablisheditasafirst-linetreatmentoption,improvingmanementandpreventingvisionloss.Indermatology,bimatoprosthasshownpromisingresultsinthepromotionofhairgrowth,particularlyinthetreatmentofalopeciaandhypotrichosis.Itsmechanismofaction,stimulatingthehaircycleandprolongingthegrowthphase,hasledtothedevelopmentofbimatoprost-containingsolutionsforenhancingeyelashgrowth.Aim:Theaimofourreviewistoprovideabriefdescription,overview,andstudiesinthecurrentliteratureregardingtheversatileclinicaluseofbimatoprostinrecentyears.Thiscanhelpcliniciansdeterminethemostsuitableindividualizedtherapytomeettheneedsofeachpatient.Methods:Ourmethodsinvolveacomprehensivereviewofthelatestadvancementsreportedintheliteratureinbimatoprostformulations,whichrangefromtraditionaleyedropstosustained-releaseimplants.Theseinnovationsofferextendeddrugdelivery,enhancepatientcompliance,andminimizesideeffects.Results:ThevastliteraturepublishedonPubMedhasconfirmedtheclinicalusefulnessofbimatoprostinloweringintraocularpressureandinmaningpatientswithglaucoma.Numerousstudiesheshownpromisingresultsindermatologyandestheticsinpromotinghairgrowth,particularlyintreatingalopeciaandhypotrichosis.Itsmechanismofactioninvolvesstimulatingthehaircycleandprolongingthegrowthphase,leadingtothedevelopmentofsolutionsthatenhanceeyelashgrowth.Theglobaluseofbimatoprosthasexpandedsignificantly,withapplicationsgrowingbeyonditsinitialindications.Ongoingresearchisexploringitspotentialinglaucomasurgery,neuroprotection,andcosmeticprocedures.Conclusions:Bimatoprosthasshownimmensepotentialforaddressingawiderangeoftherapeuticneedsthroughvariousformulationsandadvancements.Promisingfutureperspectivesincludetheexplorationofnoveldeliverysystemssuchascontactlensesandmicroneedlestofurtherenhancedrugefficacyandpatientcomfort.Ongoingresearchandfutureperspectivescontinuetoshapeitsroleinmedicine,promisingfurtheradvancementsandimprovedpatientoutcomes.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueOphthalmicPharmacology)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,3331KiB)20pes,6538KiB OpenAccessArticleAnEnzymaticandProteomicAnalysisofPanuslecomteiduringBiodegradationofGossypolinCottonseedbyClementeBatistaSoaresNeto,TaísaGodoyGomes,EdivaldoXimenesFerreiraFilho,WnerFontes,CarlosAndréOrnelasRicart,JoãoRicardoMoreiradeAlmeida,FélixGonçalvesdeSiqueiraandRobertNeilGerardMillerJ.Fungi2024,10(5),321;doi.org/10.3390/jof(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractCottonisanimportantplant-basedprotein.Cottonseedcake,abyproductofthebiodieselindustry,offerspotentialinanimalsupplementation,althoughthepresenceoftheantinutritionalsesquiterpenoidgossypollimitsutilization.ThemacrofungusPanuslecomteiofferspotentialindetoxificationofantinutritionalfactors.Throughanenzymatic[...]Readmore.Cottonisanimportantplant-basedprotein.Cottonseedcake,abyproductofthebiodieselindustry,offerspotentialinanimalsupplementation,althoughthepresenceoftheantinutritionalsesquiterpenoidgossypollimitsutilization.ThemacrofungusPanuslecomteiofferspotentialindetoxificationofantinutritionalfactors.ThroughanenzymaticandproteomicanalysisofP.lecomteistrainBRM,grownoncrushedwholecottonseedcontrastinginthepresenceoffreegossypol(FG),thisstudyinvestigatedFGbiodegradationovera15-daycultivationperiod.FungalgrowthreducedFGtolevelsat100μg/g,withacomplexadaptiveresponseobserved,involvingprimarymetabolismandactivationofoxidativeenzymesformetabolismofxenobiotics.IncreasingactivityofsecretedlaccasescorrelatedwithareductioninFG,withenzymefractionsdegradingsyntheticgossypoltotracelevels.Atotalof143and49differentiallyabundantproteinswereobservedacrossthetwocontrastinggrowthconditionsafter6and12daysofcultivation,respectively,revealingadynamicproteinprofileduringFGdegradation,initiallyrelatedtoconstitutivemetabolism,thenlaterassociatedwithresponsestooxidativestress.ThefindingsadvanceourunderstandingofthemechanismsinvolvedingossypoldegradationandhighlightthepotentialofP.lecomteiBRMincottonwastebiotreatment,relevantforanimalsupplementation,sustainableresourceutilization,andbioremediation.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueFungal-RelatedProteomicsinBiotechnologyandHealth)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1Figure2---Figure3---Figure4---Figure5---Figure6---Figure7---Figure8---Figure933pes,7650KiB OpenAccessArticleElevationalEarth-ShelteredBuildingswithHorizontalOverhangPhotovoltaic-IntegratedPanels—NewEnergy-PlusBuildingConceptintheTerritoryofSerbiabyAleksandarNešović,RobertKowalik,MilanBojović,ataJanaszekandStanisławAdamczakEnergies2024,17(9),2100;doi.org/10.3390/en(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractTheglobalscientificcommunityisintensivelypromotingenergy-plusbuildings.Followingtheleadingworldtrends,thispaperpresentsanewenergy-plusbuildingconcept—elevationalearth-shelteredbuildingswiththreedifferenttypesofhorizontaloverhangphotovoltaic-integratedpanels:woodensupportcolumnscoveredwithclaytiles,steelpipesas[...]Readmore.Theglobalscientificcommunityisintensivelypromotingenergy-plusbuildings.Followingtheleadingworldtrends,thispaperpresentsanewenergy-plusbuildingconcept—elevationalearth-shelteredbuildingswiththreedifferenttypesofhorizontaloverhangphotovoltaic-integratedpanels:woodensupportcolumnscoveredwithclaytiles,steelpipesassupportcolumnscoveredwithsheetsteel,andconcretesupportcolumnswithconcretecovere.Inthisinstance,thespecificmulti-numericalcasestudybuildingmodelforthecityofKrujevac(locatedincentralSerbiawithforableclimaticconditions)wasperformedover7months(from1Octoberto30April),takingintoaccountthesoiltemperature,theeffectsofsolarshading,theperformanceoftheheatingsystem—agroundsourceheatpump—andthecharacteristicsoftheartificialandautomaticlightingcontrolsystem.Thesimulationresultsshowthattheoptimaldepthofahorizontaloverhang(energy-plusstatus)dependsontheoccupant’shabits,inadditiontometeorologicalconditions.Thepresentedmethodologycanbeusedforanyotherlocation,bothinEuropeandtheworld.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueEnergyEfficiencyoftheBuildingsIII)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,342KiB)23pes,741KiB OpenAccessArticleAnEffectiveModificationStrategytoBuildMultifunctionalPeptidesBasedonaTrypsinInhibitoryPeptideoftheKunitzFamilybyYingWang,DaningShi,WanchenZou,YangyangJiang,TaoWang,XiaolingChen,ChengbangMa,WeiLi,TianbaoChen,JamesF.Burrows,LeiWangandMeiZhouPharmaceutics2024,16(5),597;doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractPeptideswithantimicrobialactivityorproteaseinhibitoryactivityarepotentialcandidatestosupplementtraditionalantibioticsorcancerchemotherapies.However,thepotentialofmanypeptidesarelimitedbydrawbackssuchascytotoxicityorsusceptibilitytohydrolysis.Therefore,strategiestomodifythestructureofpromising[...]Readmore.Peptideswithantimicrobialactivityorproteaseinhibitoryactivityarepotentialcandidatestosupplementtraditionalantibioticsorcancerchemotherapies.However,thepotentialofmanypeptidesarelimitedbydrawbackssuchascytotoxicityorsusceptibilitytohydrolysis.Therefore,strategiestomodifythestructureofpromisingpeptidesmayrepresentaneffectiveapproachfordevelopingmorepromisingclinicalcandidates.Inthisstudy,thematurepeptideOSTI−1949,aKunitz-typeinhibitorfromOdorranaschmackeri,andfourdesignedanaloguesweresuccessfullysynthesised.Incontrasttotheparentpeptide,theanaloguesshowedimpressivemulti-functionalityincludingantimicrobial,anticancer,andtrypsininhibitoryactivities.Intermsofsafety,therewerenoobviouschangesobservedinthehaemolyticactivityatthehighesttestedconcentration,andtheanalogueOSTI−2461showedanincreaseinactivityainstcancercelllineswithoutcytotoxicitytonormalcells(HaCaT).Insummary,throughstructuralmodificationofanaturalKunitz-typepeptide,thebiologicalactivityofanalogueswasimprovedwhilstretaininglowcytotoxicity.Thestrategyofhelicityenhancementbyforminganartificialα-helixandß-sheetstructureprovidesapromisingwaytodeveloporiginalbioactivepeptidesforclinicaltherapeutics.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueAdvancesinBioactivePeptidesfromNaturalSources:Characterization,BiologicalTargetsandPromisingApplications)25pes,1716KiB OpenAccessArticleASpacecraftOnboardAutonomousTaskSchedulingMethodBasedonHierarchicalTaskNetwork-TimelinebyJunweiZhangandLiangqingLyuAerospace2024,11(5),350;doi.org/10.3390/aerospace(registering DOI)-27Apr2024AbstractToaddresstheinherentchallengesofdeepspaceexploration,suchascommunicationdelaysandtheunpredictabilityofspacecraftenvironments,thisstudyfocusesonenhancingspacecraftadaptabilityandautonomy,whichareessentialforAutonomousSpaceScientificExploration.Apivotalaspectofthisendeoris[...]Readmore.Toaddresstheinherentchallengesofdeepspaceexploration,suchascommunicationdelaysandtheunpredictabilityofspacecraftenvironments,thisstudyfocusesonenhancingspacecraftadaptabilityandautonomy,whichareessentialforAutonomousSpaceScientificExploration.Apivotalaspectofthisendeoristheadvancementofspacecrafttaskscheduling,whichisintegraltoincreasingspacecraftautonomy.Currentresearchinthisdomainpredominantlyrevolvesaroundmissiontimingplanningandisprimarilyexecutedfromgroundstations.However,theseplansoftenlackthegranularityrequiredfordirectimplementationbyspacecraft.Inresponse,ourstudyproposesaninnovativeapproachtoaugmentspacecraftautonomy,introducingamethodthatarticulatelydescribesmissionobjectivesandresourceinformation.Wedesignedanovelhierarchicaltasknetwork-timeline(HTN-T)algorithm,anamalgamationoftheHTNschedulingmethodandthedistinctiveelementsofexistingresearch.Thisalgorithmaddressestimeconstraintsthroughhorizontalandverticalexpansions,buildingupontheresolutionoflogicalconstraintsfoundinconventionalplanningmethods.Furthermore,itintroducesapriority-basedstrategyforresolvingresourceconflictsinspacecrafttasks.Thisalgorithmissubstantiatedthroughvalidation,includingproof-of-principledemonstrationsandassessmentswithinaSpace–groundCollaborativeManementandControlSystemencompassingbothgroundandspacecraftoperations.Thefindingsindicatethatourproposedalgorithmachieveshighratesofschedulingsuccessandoperationalefficiencywithinafeasibletimeframe,thuseffectivelynigatingthecomplexitiesofautonomousspacecrafttaskscheduling.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionAstronautics&SpaceScience)MoreArticles...OpenAccessJournalsAcousticsActaMicrobiologicaHellenica(AMH)ActuatorsAdministrativeSciencesAdolescentsAdvancesinRespiratoryMedicine(ARM)AerobiologyAerospacericultureriEngineeringrochemicalsronomyAIAirAlgorithmsAllergiesAlloysAnalyticaAnalyticsAnatomiaAnesthesiaResearchAnimalsAntibioticsAntibodiesAntioxidantsAppliedBiosciencesAppliedMechanicsAppliedMicrobiologyAppliedNanoAppliedSciencesAppliedSystemInnovation(ASI)AppliedChemAppliedMathAquacultureJournalArchitectureArthropodaArtsAstronomyAtmosphereAtomsAudiologyResearchAutomationAxiomsBacteriaBatteriesBehioralSciencesBeveresBigDataandCognitiveComputing(BDCC)BioChemBioenginee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